The world is entering a critical phase where the legitimacy of sanctions, the integrity of international law, and the resilience of global energy systems are under scrutiny
The recent imposition of sanctions by the United States on two of Russia’s major oil companies has once again highlighted the counterproductive nature of unilateral economic restrictions. The targeted firms—Rosneft and Lukoil—are cornerstones of the Russian energy sector, not only underpinning the country’s economy but also...
Ukraine will have to pay the price for the hawks’ triumph
A new wave of sanctions against Russia has captured global attention, with the European Union’s 19
th
package taking centre stage. Brussels had been working on it for a long time; Slovakia blocked its adoption back in late September, and Hungary also voiced objections. However, a new version of the package was ultimately adopted.
The impact of these measures is unlikely to be catastrophic for the Russian economy. Moreover, the target of...
... Europe's history is filled with war. On this relatively small expanse of land, numerous small countries exist, engaged in intrigues and power struggles, with never-ending conflicts between monarchies, families, religions, states, and great powers. For thousands of years, wars have been occurring continuously and without interruption. The formation of a unified Europe has changed this situation, and the interrelationships among European countries have thus undergone significant changes, evolving from independent ...
Even if Israel completely abandons the former foundation of its statehood – the “island” of the West in the Middle East – its place in regional affairs will remain unchanged
Even if Israel completely abandons the former foundation of its statehood – the “island” of the West in the Middle East – its place in regional affairs will remain unchanged. However, it will no longer be determined by Israel’s own priorities, but by the role assigned to it by other participants in the eventful Middle East...
The path from declarations of intent to real peace remains difficult
The peace summit held in Egypt on resolving the conflict in the Gaza Strip was a large-scale event involving a number of regional and extra-regional actors, with strong participation from European countries. Its outcomes, however, were largely declarative. One of the main reasons for this was the absence of one of the key players at the negotiating table — Israel.
Ibragim Ibragimov:
The Blockade’s Toll: How War Is Deepening the...
... those published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists—China possesses roughly six hundred nuclear warheads. Even taking into account its ongoing buildup and the Pentagon’s alarmist projections, which suggest that China could field around one thousand warheads by 2030, this figure still falls well short of the arsenals maintained by the United States and Russia. Claims that China is on the verge of achieving nuclear parity with these powers are therefore exaggerated and will remain so in the ...
The deal may pause Syria-Israel tensions, but core issues like Golan, sovereignty and trust are still missing
As attention in the Middle East continues to gravitate toward unfolding crises in Gaza and the broader Arab-Israeli landscape, a less visible yet potentially consequential development may be quietly emerging between Syria and Israel. Whispers of a limited, U.S.-mediated security agreement between Damascus and Tel Aviv have begun circulating among diplomats and analysts, suggesting the possibility...
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Tehran may well look to the experience of the DPRK
On September 26, 2025, the UN Security Council rejected a proposed resolution on extending the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)
on the Iranian nuclear programme.
Among the permanent members of the UN Security Council, the United States, Great Britain, and France voted against. China and Russia voted in favour. The vote a
week earlier
had the same result. The JCPOA, enshrined in
UN Security Council Resolution 2231
in 2015 proposed the...
No single power rules the world anymore – and that may be a good thing
With the deterrent of guaranteed mutual destruction between Russia and the United States still intact, global politics is entering a new phase of
“normality.”
For the first time in decades, there is no single center setting rules for all. Something older, more pluralistic, and less predictable is emerging – a return to the natural state of international affairs.
One of the least discussed effects of the decline of the liberal...
