... treaty was concluded. Four years after the events in Czechoslovakia, the ABM/SALT I treaties were signed. Soviet troops entering Afghanistan and failed ratification of SALT II (1979) only by five years delayed the talks that were crowned with signing the INF Treaty (1987) and START I (1991). Soon after NATO’s aggression against Yugoslavia, SORT treaty (2002) was concluded that paved the way for New START (2010).
Overcoming humanitarian, moral, political, and economic consequences of the conflict in Ukraine will likely be a more difficult and protracted ...
...
series of articles
on the issue at the time, and there is no need to rehash the arguments presented in earlier pieces.
It is worth noting that mass-production and deployment of Russian land-based mobile missile systems carrying 9M729 cruise missiles (NATO reporting name SSC-8)—allegedly in violation of the INF Treaty—disappeared from news feeds immediately once the Treaty collapsed, with Washington “for some reason” no longer informing the rest of the world about its distribution in the Russian army. Russia, in turn, had counterclaims against the ...
... are another complicating factor. Hypersonics are a real concern should such systems be deployed in the proximity of Russia. The same relates to the new INF systems, which are being quickly developed by the U.S. In Germany there is already a revived NATO military infrastructure, closed in the aftermath of the 1987 INF treaty, and designed for operating INF systems. In the eyes of Moscow there is a high probability of a new Euromissile crisis exploding in two to three years if Russia’s proposals for a moratorium are not responded to in a rational way. Nuclear ...
... nuclear forces can be the core of this European military sovereignty—autonomous from the United States and less entrenched in NATO than the nuclear arsenal of the United Kingdom, which left the EU this year.
Now, Emmanuel Macron is ready to turn this symbol ... ... aviation, of course, on jet fighters, but it is what it is.
Andrey Kortunov:
Four Pieces of Advice to Emmanuel Macron about the INF Treaty
It may be tempting to disperse to multiple airfields across Europe during a heightened threat, but this would require ...
... missile defence system (Romania and Poland) might also be included. When the NATO–Russia Council gains its full institutional capacity, the ad hoc group could be seamlessly integrated into its work.
Another interim solution might be to create such an INF Treaty group outside NATO confines, similar to the European tripartite group of France, the United Kingdom and Germany that was established for the Iran nuclear talks. This option would allow the numerous delays and complications associated with NATO’s cumbersome and complex ...
... so-called MAD: Mutually assured destruction…
Yes. So, these treaties were supplemented by further ones like SALT 1, 2 and 3, and, in 1987, the
INF Treaty
. We were also proposing further agreements, both bilaterally with the US and in our dialogue with NATO.
Unfortunately, after the abrogation of the INF treaty, this backsliding continued. And the fact that the current US administration chose to kill the INF treaty sets a very dangerous precedent.
The US wouldn’t say they decided to kill it. What they say is that Russia breached the INF treaty with ...
... about Russia’s withdrawal from the Treaty: we have never been pushing this agenda. We were consistently trying to preserve the INF Treaty. Only after Washington suspended its obligations under the Treaty, our country, considering the U.S. violations of ... ... response is outlined in a way that will not draw the Russian Federation into a costly arms race. By the way, according to the 2018 NATO Secretary General’s Annual Report, NATO states spent almost 1 trillion dollars on defense (987,5 billion dollars, from ...
... compatibility with the accompanying transporter-loader vehicle; however, the missile’s increased accuracy and power (and possibly its enhanced capability to overcome enemy missile defences) was clearly considered to be very valuable.
Unfortunately, the key NATO and EU member nations ignored the presentation, and not necessarily of their own volition [
2
]. The United States, for its part, continues to express concerns about the 9M729 cruise missile breaching the INF Treaty, demanding the destruction of both the missile and the associated launchers under Washington’s supervision.
Andrey Kortunov:
The World After the INF Treaty: How to Get Out of the Dead Zone
On February 2, the United States will start the ...
... which are concerned about the possibility of a new missile crisis on the continent.
Russia’s possible R&D response to Washington’s withdrawal from the INF Treaty merits a separate detailed article.
1
. For the sake of practical convenience, the signatories to the INF Treaty permitted each other to bench-test their ground-launched cruise missiles at one testing centre per country.
2
. On the evening of December 4, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
tweeted
that the U.S. Ambassador had submitted ...
... with regard to the use of strategic nuclear weapons. Should the U.S.–Russia consensus on nuclear weapons and associated delivery platforms deteriorate, the probability of regional nuclear conflicts will grow substantially.
How the Termination of the INF Treaty Could Affect Relations within NATO
Dmitry Stefanovich, Ivan Kalugin:
On the Balance of Strategic Nuclear Forces
Termination of the Treaty would almost inevitably present Europe with the same threats it faced in the 1980s, when the U.S. Pershing II Weapon System was deployed in Western ...
