... pressure from the West and a large part of the Israeli society to provide more support to Ukraine and to distance itself from Moscow. [
6
] This could result in Russian-Israeli relations becoming more bumpy and less predictable in future.
Ilya Vedeneyev:
Syria–Turkey Relations: A Road to Normalization
Nonetheless, any deterioration of this relationship has its limitations, as Russia and Israel need each other—both in the MENA region and globally. The Russian-speaking diaspora in Israel is substantial, and ...
The goal of the round table was to discuss the dynamics of quadrilateral cooperation in the context of regional trends in the Middle East. The meeting was attended by leading experts from Russia, Iran, Turkey and Syria
On October 18, 2023, a closed round table “Cooperation between Russia, Iran, Turkey and Syria in the Context of Regional Dynamics” was held. Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC) in cooperation with Institute for Iran & Eurasia studies ...
... this regard even before the May 2023 elections.
Therefore, potential improvements in the relations between Turkey and Syria would fall well in line with the “relations harmonization” approach that seems to be trending across the Middle East today.
Syria–Turkey Relations: A Road to Normalization
, 5.5 Mb
... Russia’s position largely determines the level of its presence in a number of regions, including Central Asia, the Caucasus, the Middle East, the Black Sea region, etc. Russia and Turkey interact effectively within the framework of international formats to negotiate settlements in Syria, Libya, Karabakh.
Turkey is seeking to play a mediating role in the Ukrainian crisis. Ankara sees this as an opportunity to strengthen its position in the international arena. As an initiator and mediator in implementing the new regional ...
... reconciliation between the feuding groups in Syria and normalization of Damascus’ relationships with the neighboring Arab nations. Moscow goes on looking for new approaches to the conflict settlement by launching new regional tracks, such as the Russia-Iran-Syria-Turkey format, capable of introducing a new positive dynamic. Taking other regional (Iranian-Saudi, Turkish-Saudi normalization, etc.) and global processes (transformation of the unipolar world, the emergence of new regional centers of power, the development ...
... independence in 2017. In this sense, Russia will have to work patiently with the Syrian leadership as well, which so far has tended to equate any autonomous status with separatism.
Third.
The Biden administration’s response to the triple-format talks between Syria, Turkey, and Russia was quite revealing. In this particular situation, the U.S. has openly shown itself to be a “spoiler” of multilateral efforts to unblock a Syrian settlement. The State Department’s spokesman made it
clear
that the U.S. does not ...
... aid there.
In 2014, when the cross-border mechanism for the supply of humanitarian aid was launched, the delivery of goods was carried out through four checkpoints. Now there is
only one
left – Bab al-Hawa, which is located on the border between Syria and Turkey. In 2022, more than 7,500 trucks loaded with humanitarian aid crossed the border, reaching an average of
2.7 million
persons per month. In total, since 2014, thanks to the cross-border supply mechanism, the UN has
delivered
more than 55,000 trucks ...
... with Damascus as a bargaining chip to enhance its own status as a regional middle power. Alongside with that, the UAE’s renewed relationship with Damascus enables the Emiratis to more effectively deter or closely monitor the mounting influence of Turkey and Iran in Syria.
The second factor is
ideological
. The UAE’s leadership has
found
an ideological ally in President Bashar al-Assad, who, similar to UAE's President Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, has been on a counterrevolutionary crusade against Islamism, while ...
... will try to increase his rating on the eve of the elections by normalizing relations with Syria. At the same time, Damascus has repeatedly emphasized that the withdrawal of Turkish troops from Syria is a necessary condition for the normalization of Syria-Turkey relations.
Reuters, citing a source in the Turkish leadership, reported that Russia, Turkey, and Syria are planning to hold a joint meeting between their Foreign Affairs Ministers in January. According to Turkish correspondents, the next meeting ...
... players, as well as extra-regional powers, negatively view Turkey’s plans for conducting a military operation in Syria. In July of 2022, Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei warned Recep Erdogan against an attack on Syria, as it would harm not only Syria, but also Turkey, in addition to other countries in the region. Given that Washington considers the SDF as instrumental in the fight against ISIS, the United States also negatively views Ankara's possible ground operation. However, it is hardly worth expecting ...