... diplomacy with regards to Russia. By passing PL 115-44 (CAATSA) bill, Congress incorporated Barack Obama's executive orders on Ukraine and digital security into federal law, denying the president the ability to rescind them or remove individuals from sanctions lists without congressional approval. CAATSA also gave the president the authority to use a fairly broad range of restrictive measures. The administration responded pragmatically. Trump signed CAATSA and in 2018, with Executive Order 13849, ...
... rate, jumping from $12 billion to $65 billion in two years, with crude oil accounting for the lion’s share of this growth. Initially, Western countries tried to cut off this flow, but Russian big business demonstrated a phenomenal ability to dodge sanctions: they used shell or fly-by-night companies in third countries and shadow fleets, along with other tricks. Indian big business provided much help in establishing bypass routes. In the end, this strategy bore fruit: Western political and economic ...
... North Korean students and postgraduates in Russian universities as well as for improving North Korean medical industry and medical technology. In the author’s opinion, although some medical equipment is labeled as dual-use goods and is subject to sanctions, the opening of a Russian medical center in Pyongyang could significantly improve the situation.
Andrey Kortunov:
The Cold War Never Ended in Asia
Yet the most important
document
by far is
the Treaty on Comprehensive Strategic Partnership ...
... West remains firmly committed to disrupt this trend and the Western pressure on Beijing is constantly growing. Not surprisingly, the Chinese private sector is getting increasingly concerned about the scope of the likely negative impact that secondary sanctions might have on their business prospects. After the European Union had introduced its 12
th
package of restrictive measures against Moscow, a number of the leading China’s banks became reluctant to accept dollar payments from Russia; as a result,...
... existing world order built on the authority of the UN and non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. Moscow has rather tried to play by the established international rules, and although Russian and U.S. diplomats could argue at length about the extent of sanctions following another nuclear test or missile launch, the idea that every step by the DPRK toward becoming a nuclear power would generate opposition was never questioned.
However, since the late 2000s and even more so since the early 2010s, the ...
... scenarios of mutual assistance and law enforcement support
On September 17, 2023 the transition leaders of Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger signed the Liptako-Gourma Charter, instituting the Alliance of Sahel States. This happened in the midst of economic sanctions imposed on them by the subregion’s Economic Community of Western Africa (ECOWAS) and its threats to carry out a military operation in Niger. For the three landlocked nations, those sanctions had serious repercussions, aggravating the socioeconomic ...
... compounded by even more serious economic difficulties. The conflict is encouraging the expanding informal economy to play a major role in Syria due to high levels of corruption. The country's civilian infrastructure has not yet been restored, and the sanctions imposed on Damascus by the United States and the EU in particular are hampering economic recovery.
Until 2022, a number of Russian companies were reasonably worried about doing business in Syria because of the risk of Western sanctions. However,...
... Moscow’s economic power as much as possible and ensuring Ukraine manages to preserve its sovereignty. Both are hugely dependent on the U.S. ability to manipulate the world petroleum prices and the amount of Russia’s oil and gas exports.
Ivan Timofeev:
US Sanctions Against Iran and the Future of the JCPOA: A View From Tehran and Moscow
Economic pressure on Moscow is (among other factors) largely sustained by the prices of gas and oil, whose export is a crucial component of Russia’s economy. Therefore,...
... international political consequences for Russia which resulted from the military campaigns were relatively insufficient. No foreign state has intervened openly in these conflicts. Foreign military aid does not radically alter the balance of power. Economic sanctions in their current form harm the Russian economy, but they are still not the main factor contributing to existing problems. The economy itself is stable. In short, there are no major checks and balances on a new military campaign.
The third circumstance ...
Despite the sanctions and accusatory rhetoric from politicians on both sides, ‘niche cooperation’ between the two countries is still possible in areas of common interest
Introduction
Political relations between Russia and Canada from 2014 to 2020 show that ...
