... providing China with unique opportunities to strengthen its presence in European consumer markets.
Overall, the South Caucasus allows China to enhance its influence in another strategically important region. Given the current turbulence in the global economy and the instability of the international political environment, China mitigates economic risks by
establishing
more reliable and diversified contacts within the South Caucasus region. Furthermore, the transport and logistics corridors traversing the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan are particularly
attractive
...
... institutional culture of caution, which limits transparency and predictability, both of which are essential for deeper forms of economic integration. At the same time, security cooperation remains the only domain in which all major powers within the SCO such as China, Russia, and India can engage without compromising their strategic autonomy or national interests. For Russia in particular, this architecture is especially valuable. In a period of shifting regional alignments, the SCO provides Moscow with a reliable ...
... is not success—it is a monumental failure. Abandoning a national citizenry unable to compete in the global age is political betrayal.
Failure to identify, categorize, and digitize high-potential SMEs is economic malpractice.
Study urgently how fast China, India, and BRICS nations are mobilizing around SMEs, while the West sleeps. Observe, how the United States became the first ever largest and longest most successful economy in the world on such understanding. Where did we all go so wrong for so long.
The National Dream Is Dying—Revive It or Lose It Forever
A nation’s dream only lives when backed by proven historical delivery, followed by hyper-speed execution,...
... decisive retaliatory measures taken by China’s leadership will likely make China the primary target of U.S. sanctions.
[56]
As Washington stepped up its economic pressure on Beijing, a long-term policy for enhancing the resilience of the national economy was emerging in China. One of the directions involves a “dual circulation” concept, which envisioned import substitution and the development of domestic industry and markets, with foreign economic relations playing an auxiliary role.
[57]
In the meantime, the process ...
... for opportunities, while knowledge-rich nations, lacking clear plans, are facing significant challenges.
The global political economy, burdened by debt and the allure of cryptocurrency, is increasingly challenging for Knowledge-Rich Nations, which remain ... ... from the constraints of debt, ensuring prosperity for all.
BRICS exemplifies the PRN-KRN dynamic: Core members, such as India, China, Brazil, and South Africa, are PRN powerhouses, harnessing their large populations to drive entrepreneurial growth. Meanwhile,...
... alternatives, and changed the world forever—a revolution by entrepreneurs, for entrepreneurs.
Harsh Reality Check
Open Challenge on the Global Stage
Creating Superpower Economies
In 1974, India had a $99 billion economy; today, it is over $4 trillion.
China had a $148 billion economy; today, it is $18 trillion.
The USA had a $1.5 trillion economy; today, it is $27 trillion (World Bank).
A decade in the making, Expothon narrative is not a war but an invitation to renegotiate the terms, rules, and definitions of economic progress,...
Wei Wenjing, Master’s degree student, Basic Department of Institute of China and Contemporary Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Faculty of World Economy and International Affairs, HSE University
Regan Arthur, Master’s degree student, Basic Department of Institute of China and Contemporary Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Faculty of World Economy and International Affairs, HSE University
...
... No. 99 / 2025
Report No. 99 / 2025
The following report focuses on the Middle Eastern policies of extra-regional actors and their transformation in changing conditions. It concentrates on studying the strategies pursued by Russia, the U.S., the EU, China and India in the Middle East. The report also examines how Middle Eastern countries perceive extra-regional actors as they aspire to build pragmatic and balanced relationships with external partners.
Extra-Regional Actors in the Middle East
, 1....
... Russian side might be in a position to negotiate better deals with its counterparts from China. And yet, there are enough reasons for decision-makers in Moscow to be concerned about more remote implications of the recent U.S. tariff moves regarding China. The precise impact of these moves on the global economy is still hard to predict; but in the worst-case scenario, we could record a rise of global inflation, a significant slowdown in economic growth worldwide and even a new global recession followed by higher unemployment and a decline in real incomes ...
... Issue of Connectivity in India-Russia Relations — From Eurasia to the Arctic
Similarly, the Eurasian region has witnessed these trends since the 1990s; Asian economies saw a rapid take-off in the 1990s, ASEAN and Gulf countries, as well as India and China, saw an economic boom at the end of the 1990s, while the Russian economy grew rapidly. As the years passed, a similar phenomenon could be observed in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and South Asia, resulting in a major shift in international politics; the economic center of gravity was shifting eastward as supply chains ...
