... diplomacy with regards to Russia. By passing PL 115-44 (CAATSA) bill, Congress incorporated Barack Obama's executive orders on Ukraine and digital security into federal law, denying the president the ability to rescind them or remove individuals from sanctions lists without congressional approval. CAATSA also gave the president the authority to use a fairly broad range of restrictive measures. The administration responded pragmatically. Trump signed CAATSA and in 2018, with Executive Order 13849, ...
... investors from other countries
On April 28, US President Joe Biden asked Congress to pass new legislation on the
confiscation of Russian property
. The presidential proposals were previously developed at the level of key agencies responsible for sanctions: the Treasury (financial sanctions), the Department of State (responsible for visa sanctions and political aspects of restrictive measures), the Department of Commerce (export controls), and the Department of Justice (which prosecutes violators ...
... a similar rethink. Russia faces a number of forks in the road, which could determine the direction of its foreign policy.
Relations with the West are a priority. The United States and the European Union this year will increase pressure on Russia via sanctions, military deterrence and information warfare. Russia will respond in kind, though the balance of power is significantly skewed in the West’s favor.
Broadly speaking, the aim of Western countries is to change Russia’s approach to Ukraine....
How Russia and Europe Can Co-Exist in the Changing Global Configuration
Igor Ivanov:
Sanctions upon Sanctions
The latest
anti-Russian sanctions
levied by Washington are unprecedented, and their inherent destructive ... ... pragmatism. Nowhere was this more apparent than in the response to Europe’s condemnation of Russia’s actions with regard to the Ukrainian crisis. The initial resentment turned into a blistering campaign to convince everyone that European values, and indeed ...