... Russian energy sector and its partners abroad. Both London and Washington imposed blocking sanctions against two major Russian oil companies. The US took this step after a nine-month pause in sanctions against Russia. The UK, like the EU, imposed blocking sanctions against Chinese companies cooperating with Russia. Among them are China’s National Pipeline Group Beihai Liquefied Natural Gas (cooperating in the LNG sector), the aforementioned Indian Nayara Energy, and China’s Shandong Baogang International Port, Shandong Yulong Petrochemical (also blocked by the EU), Shandong ...
... approaches to sanctions and counter sanctions. Vestnik R UDN. International Relations, 25(3), 538–552.
https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2025-25-3-538-552
References
Andersen, J
.
(2024). The lawfulness of unilateral sanctions in the wake of a US — China “sanctions war”.
East Asia
, 1–24.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12140-024-09429-9
; EDN: RHSMBH
Bakulina, P. V., & Kuzmina, K. A. (2021). China’s policy of economic sanctions: Legislation and enforcement.
Financial Journal,
13(4), 24–38. (In Russian)....
... looking for ways to put pressure on Belgrade, but the effectiveness of these instruments remains questionable. The risk of U.S. sanctions against NIS has emerged as the main signal of dissatisfaction with Serbia’s ties to Russia, but their implementation ... ... readiness to embrace EU values in politics, the economy and culture. Yet the presence of alternative partners, namely Russia and China, gives Belgrade enough confidence for balancing between centers of power.
Beyond gas: other areas of bilateral economic ...
... to Russia.
However, there was not a single large company among them. We were talking about small manufacturing companies or intermediary firms. At the same time, the Biden administration managed to significantly complicate payments between Russia and China through the threat of secondary sanctions.
US Presidential Executive Order 14114 of December 22, 2023
threatened blocking sanctions against foreign financial institutions carrying out transactions in favour of the Russian military-industrial complex. In practice, such sanctions against ...
... Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, but their macroeconomic effect is vanishingly small. At the same time, the current level of sanctions allows Washington to solve its political problems in a very limited way. In the foreseeable future, the pressure of US sanctions on China will increase. But a rapid increase in sanctions is unlikely. China’s economy is too large. Carpet bombing it with sanctions will cause significant damage to the US itself. The pendulum of relations between the two countries has swung from cooperation ...
... office in 2016-2020, Donald Trump revealed his support for the increasing containment of the PRC. His anti-Chinese rhetoric was combined with very specific restrictive measures against Beijing. A number of new legal mechanisms have emerged that imply sanctions against China and are enshrined in both federal law and presidential decrees. In other words, the attack on Beijing was carried out both by the executive branch and by Congress. During the presidency of Joe Biden, anti-Chinese policy has been more moderate, but ...
... multipolar world order. Moscow and Beijing’s mutual support in the international arena, growing trade turnover in the face of sanctions, strengthening humanitarian ties, and people-to-people cooperation represent a unique example of the constructive dialogue ... ... between these two truly sovereign states. Further confirming this dynamic was Russian President Vladimir Putin’s visit to China on May 16–17, 2024.
Moscow and Beijing relations managed to move beyond historical grievances, political differences and ...
... West remains firmly committed to disrupt this trend and the Western pressure on Beijing is constantly growing. Not surprisingly, the Chinese private sector is getting increasingly concerned about the scope of the likely negative impact that secondary sanctions might have on their business prospects. After the European Union had introduced its 12
th
package of restrictive measures against Moscow, a number of the leading China’s banks became reluctant to accept dollar payments from Russia; as a result, in March the bilateral trade suffered a mild setback of 2%. With the Chinese export to Russia going down by 14% on the yearly basis (from USD 8,9 billion to USD 7,6 billion),...
... this relates to Russia, against which a significant amount of financial and trade sanctions have been imposed by the United States and its allies. It is Russia today that is most interested in diversifying global finance. Long-term stakeholders include China. So far, sanctions against China are incomparable with restrictions against Russia. In addition, we are talking mainly about American export controls in the field of high technology, and not about financial sanctions. The latter have so far been used only against ...
... DRAM domestic chips and cooperating with Taiwan’s United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC). Due to US sanctions, UMC refused to continue cooperation with Fujian Jinhua, forcing the manufacturer to cease production.
[171]
In 2018, the US imposed sanctions on China’s second largest telecommunications company ZTE. It was banned from buying US technological components for seven years for violating US sanctions against Iran and North Korea. After this decision was announced, ZTE suspended most of its production....
