... beginning of the Special Military Operation (SMO) in 2022, Brussels has placed particular emphasis on measures restricting the Russian fuel and energy sector. Bans were introduced and expanded on energy imports, on the export of equipment and technology ... ... according to EU authorities, are involved in the transportation of Russian oil. These include Bellatrix Energy and Zhu Jiang (China), the Intershipping Services (India and the UAE), Twister Shipmanagement (UAE), Admiral Group (UAE), Milavous Group (UAE),...
... states, the UN Security Council, key decision-making body that could adopt legally binding resolutions. Five nations (France, Russia, China, the UK, and US) were granted permanent status and given veto power. The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), separate ... ... imperial rule. The integration of Europe evolved from the Coal and Steel Community to the European Community, and then to the European Union. Aspects of a European confederation—or a supernational sovereign state such as a European Federation—appeared ...
... critical for the domestic political stability of the United States either. America’s problem is the limits of pressure on both Russia and the leaders of the world majority. They will still have to be spoken to on equal terms, even taking into account the US leadership in many areas.
The European Union retains decent financial, industrial, infrastructural and human capabilities. But their conversion into political ... ... well as European security, are more sensitive for the domestic audience, including in the context of the turn to the right.
China has gained colossal potential, but is in no hurry to actively use it outside the zone of its immediate interests. Its role ...
... industrial and consumer goods, as well as the largest market for Russian energy and other raw materials. At the same time, external political factors may have a growing influence on Russian-Chinese economic relations. These include the trade war between China and the United States, a possible escalation of US sanctions against Russia, and the expansion of secondary sanctions by the European Union against Chinese companies.
Russian-Chinese Dialogue: The 2024 Model. RIAC Report
The trade war, in the form of increased import duties on imported goods, has become one of the calling cards of Donald Trump's second term in office. The ...
Report No. 99 / 2025
Report No. 99 / 2025
The following report focuses on the Middle Eastern policies of extra-regional actors and their transformation in changing conditions. It concentrates on studying the strategies pursued by Russia, the U.S., the EU, China and India in the Middle East. The report also examines how Middle Eastern countries perceive extra-regional actors as they aspire to build pragmatic and balanced relationships with external partners.
Extra-Regional Actors in the Middle East
, 1....
... change and upheaval – so, let’s make something of it!
„Schönheit ist überall ein gar willkommener Gast“ [1] (Goethe)
Russia with a reach: Peaceful grazing horses. Russia/Lithuania border near Rusnè.
(Summer 2023).
Multipolarity is a reality
... ... movement to the Ukraine conflict, he is also shaking up entrenched structures and beliefs.
The massive tariff dispute between China and the US has at least brought both parties to bilateral talks. Perhaps that is Trump's intention. What is certain, however,...
On March 11, 2025, the Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC) hosted a conference “Extra-Regional actors in the Middle East”
On March 11,... ... report, “Extra-Regional actors in the Middle East”, was held. The experts discussed regional strategies of Russia, USA, EU, China and India. Speakers in this session were the report authors: Alexander Aksenenok, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary ...
... new government in Serbia is not expected to bring any surprises. It is likely to be formed as in previous years, with both pro-Russian and pro-Western politicians.
France does not seek to curb the sway of the U.S. in the Balkans or in Europe but aims to ... ... considers itself a participant in multilateral UN- and EU-led peacekeeping operations, while maintaining relations with Russia, China, the Gulf nations and other Eastern partners.
The key dilemmas facing Serbia’s new government is whether to impose sanctions ...
... direction has not stopped.
Second, while the focus of geopolitical confrontation between the West (the U.S. and its EU allies) and Russia has shifted from the Caucasus to the Middle East and Ukraine since 2014-2015, this region remains among the most turbulent ... ... significantly
differ
.
The change in the status quo also contributed to Iran’s notable invigoration. Two Eurasian giants, China and India, have also adopted a higher profile in the Caucasus. With the start of Russia’s military operation in Ukraine ...
On June 30, 2023, Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC) together with RAS IMEMO, and the journal "The World Economy and International ... ... discussed key issues of global technological leadership in the new environment and considered the development policy of the USA, China, the EU, and India in the field of innovative technologies against the backdrop of growing competition.
Ivan Timofeev, RIAC ...
