Report No. 99 / 2025
Report No. 99 / 2025
The following report focuses on the Middle Eastern policies of extra-regional actors and their transformation in changing conditions. It concentrates on studying the strategies pursued by Russia, the U.S., the EU, China and India in the Middle East. The report also examines how Middle Eastern countries perceive extra-regional actors as they aspire to build pragmatic and balanced relationships with external partners.
Extra-Regional Actors in the Middle East...
... artificial intelligence (AI), which is massively changing not only our working world, but also our lives.
Our reality is determined by trade wars, tariff increases, new borders, the expansion of old border fortifications and numerous divisions in our society.
Globalization has reached its boiling point. Ever more, ever higher and ever further. When will enough finally be enough?
Jacques Ancel or the identity of the heart
One vision, an approach that is becoming more relevant today than ever before,...
... Poroshenko and the 2014 revolutionaries. The inherent vulnerabilities of Ukraine’s political system, present since the country’s independence, may resurface with renewed intensity.
Andrey Kortunov:
A Failed Journey to the West
The state of Ukrainian society adds another layer of complexity. Fatigue from prolonged military action, frustration with losses, and disillusionment with Western partners are taking their toll. Society has yet to grapple with the full impact of post-traumatic stress disorder....
... voters, and the presence of such an influential figure, who had no personal interest in a political career, helped Georgian society achieve a peaceful and democratic transfer of power. People believed that their lives would be better under Ivanishvili ... ... foreign policy agenda. The party took a page from the UNM’s book when it came to Georgia’s comprehensive integration into the European Union and NATO and shared its predecessor’s view that Abkhazia and South Ossetia were parts of Georgian territory. ...
If the practice becomes widespread, another nail will be driven into the coffin of human ties between Russia and the EU
In Russia, the new European Commission (EC) rules on the import of sanctioned goods by Russian citizens has caused quite a stir.
The EU sanctions policy against Russia includes a wide range of measures. These include blocking financial sanctions, sectoral restrictions, transport and visa bans, export controls on a wide range of goods, as well as a ban on the import of a number...
... treaty signed not by people but by sovereign nation states. As the EU is not a nation state, it is possible to claim that no European society can exist until the EU becomes a nation state or is substituted by it.
The previous paragraphs addressed the “European Union” part of the “European (Union) society”. Now, it is necessary to focus on the issues of “society”. The concept of “Gesellschaft”, which decently grasped the mode of interactions feasible in the second half of the 19
th
and during most of the 20
th
century, is less appropriate ...
... desperate young people will join the ranks of migrants to more prosperous EU countries, which
represents
a huge challenge for the European Union.
This very important topic of youth cooperation leads to interaction in the field of high innovative technologies.... ... African countries, the diversity of the national and ethnic composition of the population, the low literacy and stratification of society, as well as the insufficient prevalence of the Internet, it requires very careful and detailed study, as well as additional ...
... Economics and Public Policy at Oxford University, at the root of any economic development lies a sense of identity [
4
]. Every society presents a dual composition, a power structure, and an identity component. In the absence of the latter, power dissolves ... ... power is suggested. Such approach does not equate to the erasure of national identity, an essential element at the core of the European Union, as evidenced by its motto "United in Diversity." Furthermore, as already stated, National and European ...
... average Pole is not such a Russophobe, nor such Ukrainophile, as the mainstream media and politicians portray him to be. Polish society is tired of primitive anti-Russian propaganda, winding psychosis of war and suspicion, as well as the rising costs of ... ... position of a state without a clear policy towards the Chinese New Silk Road initiative. Maneuvering between the US and the European Union, Poland tries to pretend to be open to cooperation with China. On the one hand, Poland is in solidarity with the ...
... “Russian with a twist”.
After the breakup of the Soviet Union and the recovered national autonomy, the Government of Estonia had to take political decisions following the geography and aspirations of most of its citizens to integrate the Euro-Atlantic society. Based on the past and the Nordic-Teutonic identity, the Government of Estonia embraced the idea of joining the European Union, NATO, and later on the Eurozone.
Both Germany and Austria (former parts of Holly Roman Empire) have recognized the Germanic background of the Estonian people when the Nordics - Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Greenland and the ...
