The army is one of the main subjects of the Egyptian economy
Traditionally, the Egyptian army plays an important role within the nation’s economy. After the July 23
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Revolution of 1952, when King Farouk of Egypt was overthrown, the Egyptian military seized power. The aim of the new economic policy of the new head of the state, President Gamal Abdel Nasser, was to build socialism. The state nationalized certain enterprises and took measures to optimize production processes to strengthen the economic...
China has effectively coped with its role of facilitator, but now the country will have to enforce the agreements reached
In March 2023, seven years after diplomatic relations were severed, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) have agreed to reopen their embassies. This decision opens up the possibility of reducing tensions in the Gulf and, in the long term, in the entire region of the Middle East. Notably, both sides have stated the need to respect sovereignty...
On March 16, 2023 Asian Institute of Eco-Civilization Research and Development (Pakistan) held a webinar “Global Security Initiative”, dedicated to the eponymous initiative, introduced by the Chinese President Xi Jinping back in 2022 and formally elaborated in late February 2023
On March 16, 2023 Asian Institute of Eco-Civilization Research and Development (Pakistan) held a webinar “Global Security Initiative”, dedicated to the eponymous initiative, introduced by the Chinese President Xi Jinping...
The war in Syria has shown that a military solution to the conflict is doomed to fail, and establishing political peace seems almost the only probable way to resolve the conflict
For the last 12 years, the war in Syria has been raging on. March 15, 2011 is considered to be the starting date of the conflict. At that time, the Syrian Republic was overwhelmed by mass protests following the havoc brought by the Arab Spring. As a result, a political crisis escalated into violent clashes, bringing external...
The US was ill-prepared for a tough standoff with a superpower boasting comparable might, once the latter stopped playing at giveaway
The story of the Chinese Automatic Drifting Balloon (ADB) violating the U.S. airspace in late January–early February 2023 will be a symbolic marker for a new phase of deterioration in the US-China relations.
The relations were rapidly eroding throughout 2022 and early 2023. In some aspects, U.S.-China relations in 2022 evoked obvious associations with U.S.-Russian...
... other nuclear-weapons states should lead with their own internal fail-safe reviews. When completed, results from these internal reviews could be shared, for example, by the NPT nuclear-weapons states in the context of the NPT P5 Process.
In today’s international security environment unilateral steps to increase resilience against nuclear use are essential, yet risk reduction also demands cooperative measures. Hence, dialogue on these issues between nuclear-weapons states must be restored irrespective ...
Report #83 / 2022
Report #83 / 2022
World order structural transformations are going hand-in-hand with new global power shifts where the United States and China will be vying for dominance. However mutually beneficial the Sino-American relations have been since the 1970s, recent years have borne witnessed to soaring uncertainty and confrontation between the U.S. and China. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the current U.S. foreign policy strategy towards China, focusing on the most...
Policy Brief #44 / 2022
Policy Brief #44 / 2022
In October 2022, Joseph Biden’s administration published the new U.S. Nuclear Posture Review (NPR-2022) as part of a single National Defense Strategy (NDS-2022) package along with the Missile Defense Review (MDR-2022). The previous Nuclear Posture Review appeared in February 2018 during Donald Trump’s presidency.
One of the key functions of any publicly available strategic document is to deliver information to other states – both friendly and hostile...
... probably even more significant, than those of the Russia-Ukraine conflict.
3. Paralyzed UN Security Council.
Over the past few years, the permanent members of the UN Security Council have found it increasingly difficult to reach consensus on key issues of international security. Security Council meetings turn into eloquence contests increasingly often, thus ruling out the possibility of political compromise. If this continues in 2023, the practical work of the Security Council could be completely paralyzed,...
Avoiding a new round of violence is ultimately in the interests of all the players involved in resolving the Syrian problem
Ankara is paying great attention to the security problems germinating in the southern borders of Turkey. This issue has become especially important for Turkey, given that it is on the eve of its presidential and parliamentary elections, which are to be held in June this year.
Interestingly, President of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan is trying to solve the problem posed by Syrian...
