War and Peace: Where Is the World Headed?
... Russia-Ukraine conflict has thus dealt a severe blow to the credibility of security assurances provided by major powers. In 1994, the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, and Ukraine signed the Memorandum on Security Assurances in Budapest. Ukraine renounced its nuclear weapons and joined the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, while the United States, Russia, and the United Kingdom pledged to respect Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity and provide security assurances to Ukraine. The ...