...
Mavi Vatan
) doctrine as part of Turkey’s maritime strategy; Gürdeniz is
considered
to be one of the principal architects of Turkey’s current policy in the Mediterranean and of the ideology of demarcating the borders with Libya.
The agreements Turkey and the Libyan government concluded in late 2019 resulted from a bilateral Ankara-Tripoli arrangement achieved with complete disregard for other actors and for the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea. Since Turkey is not a signatory to that Convention, Ankara ...
... Egypt, Greece and Israel cannot establish a gas transmission line without first getting permission from Turkey."
Soon thereafter, Turkey began illegal oil and gas drilling in the Mediterranean. In November 2019, an agreement was signed between Turkey and the Libyan Government of National Accord (GNA), led by Faiz Saraj, to establish maritime zones in the Eastern Mediterranean. It is noteworthy that proposals to conclude such an agreement have been received by the Tripoli government since 2018, but the GNA ...
... balance of power of the warring parties dramatically, gives Azerbaijan false hope that the Nagorno-Karabakh can be resolved quickly through military means and, as a result, makes the signing of any peace agreement that much more difficult.
Escalation in Libya
. Turkey has been one of the main foreign actors in the Libyan Civil War from the very beginning. It was Turkish intervention that prevented Marshal Khalifa Haftar from capturing Tripoli. But if Ankara continues to internationalize the Libyan conflict by ...
... converted the Hagia Sophia Museum into the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque. Such a decision has drawn a wide range of criticism from Turkey's western allies, as well as from inside the country.
Grigory Lukyanov, Ruslan Mamedov:
Playing Pick-Up-Sticks in Libya — 2
Turkey has created the impression among Muslim countries that it can cause much deprivation and misery, as compared to Saudi Arabia that is in a leading role of the Muslim Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). In recent developments, after the historic ...
... revolution in the country. Yet the Kremlin’s refusal to back any one party to the conflict, its constant manoeuvring and zigzagging on the Libyan field ultimately brought Russia unexpected dividends, as this strategy allowed the country, together with Turkey, to lead the settlement of the Libyan crisis. Significantly, the decisions that the Russian leadership openly calls mistakes today (then President of the Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev refusing to veto UN Security Council
Resolution
1973 about a no-fly zone over Libya) have in ...
... of Ankara's associated provocations.
Turkey's “neo-surrealist” claim (as Greek FM Nikos Dendias once quipped) about Islands is currently extended to its two “MoUs” with Libya's GNA government in Tripoli. The memorandum allegedly delineating a Turkey-Libya EEZ presupposes the elimination of the sovereign rights of numerous Greek islands, including Rhodes and Crete, by
abolishing
their Continental Shelf and EEZ. The EU has repeatedly deplored this memorandum as illegal. Athens and Nicosia have rejected ...
... containing Turkey regionally (in which Abu-Dhabi and Cairo would happily assist). A steady UAE–Syria rapprochement is greatly advanced by their resentment of Turkey’s regional policies.
Ruslan Mamedov:
Russia's “Wait and See” Policies and the Libyan Settlement
Turkey entrenched its Libyan presence by signing a memorandum of understanding with the GNA on maritime
zones
, and a memorandum on security and military cooperation. Doubts were raised about the legal status of the agreements, and its very signing drew ...
... participate in the production of Libyan oil.
Mohamed Eljarh:
Libya’s Legitimacy Crisis: Hostage to the Skhirat Agreement
Just a few days after the Berlin Conference on Libya in January 2020, the participants agreed to comply with the arms embargo on Libya, Turkey
sent
tanks, anti-aircraft guns Korkut, self-propelled howitzers T-155, cannons GDF, combat vehicles ACV-15 and jeeps with anti-tank guns to help Tripoli. The media
report
that the Republic of Turkey is also transporting Syrian militants to Libya,...
... protects not only the pro-Turkish GNA, but also its interests in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea.
Anna Manafova:
Is the Eastern Mediterranean a New Competitor for Russia on the European Gas Markets?
So Why Does Egypt Support Khalifa Haftar?
In Libya, Turkey is confronted with the interests of its foreign policy opponents; in particular, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the Arab Republic of Egypt (ARE). The latter is the main ally of General Khalifa Haftar. Cairo supports the LNA, because members ...
The impeachment process of US President Donald Trump and the US role in the MENA region would determine the future of conflicts in many countries starting from Iraq, Syria, Yemen, Libya and the future government in Lebanon, Iraq and Algeria, Turkey and Iran
“When I thought I had already reached the bottom,
they knocked from below.”
— Stanislaw Jerzy Lec
This quote of the polish aphorist and poet of the 20
th
century, Stanislaw Jerzy Lec, serves as a perfect epigraph to this in-depth ...
