... between the two nations. The restrictions were more signaling in nature, indicating that China has new legal mechanisms for imposing restrictive measures, which its government is prepared to use if needed.
Ivan Timofeev:
Russia and China in the Era of Trade Wars and Sanctions
Conclusion
China’s approach to U.S. sanctions reveals several critical patterns in the U.S sanctions policy against China.
Firstly, U.S. sanctions were never aimed at or resulted in a change of the PRC’s policies on any fundamental issues....
External political factors may have a growing influence on Russian-Chinese economic relations
Economic relations between Russia and China remain high. Beijing has become Moscow's most important trading partner, and in the context of Western sanctions, it has also become an alternative source of industrial and consumer goods, as well as the largest market for Russian energy and other raw materials. At the same time, external political factors may have a growing influence on Russian-Chinese ...
... States and China have not disappeared. This means that the risk of sanctions will persist regardless of success in resolving the trade war.
Xu Wenhong::
The SWIFT System: A Focus on the U.S.–Russia Financial Confrontation
The key difference between sanctions and trade wars is the existence of specific political goals. By introducing economic restrictions, the country which initiates them is trying to force the target country to introduce political changes or to make decisions favourable to it. Of course, trade ...
... they differ both in goals and in methods. Trade wars are aimed to achieve economic advantages for national producers. Tariff regulation is the main means of carrying out a trade war. Countries can remain partners and even allies, but still wage major trade wars. Sanctions, on the contrary, pursue mainly political goals. The initiating country aims to have the target country make specific political concessions or change its political course. Accordingly, methods vary. Sanctions may come in the form of bans on ...
