A Pivot to the East and the Islamic Dimension of Russia’s Foreign Policy

... cooperation, with the Islamic dimension always present in the national foreign policy The year of 2023 may well have been a year of further consolidation of Russia’s pivot to the East, especially in the Middle East and across the South, as well as to the Islamic world. Amid the pressure of Western sanctions, Moscow managed not only to retain its positions in the Islamic world but also to boost its bilateral ties with Muslim states, many of which are essentially becoming Russia’s non-alternative partners ...