... 5, Moscow urged Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei to refrain from radical responses to Israel—not only to minimize possible civilian casualties but also to avoid provoking a direct conflict with the U.S.
Yang Xiaotong:
“Light of the World” No More. China and Russia Should Help Restore Multipolarity in the Middle East
Postmodernity as inoculation against war
However, the core reasons lie not outside, but inside the region. It appears that key actors—from Egypt to Syria, and from Turkey to Iran—are unwilling to engage in a full-blown war. Middle Eastern ...
... party involved benefits
, and there is no clear winner or loser, with Beijing and Washington competing to normalize diplomatic relations between countries in the Middle East as one such example.
The Inevitability of Sino–Russian Cooperation in the Middle East
Russia is China’s ideal partner in the Middle East for three reasons:
First, long gone is the heyday of the Soviet Union, and while the Russian military remains respected,
with the country’s economy feeling the weight of Western sanctions, Moscow can only ...
... The US withdrawal from the JCPOA in 2018 did not lead to Iran abandoning positions on its missile programme and policy in the Middle East. Moreover, it created the conditions for Iran to return to its nuclear programme. In both the case of the DPRK and ... ... the UN Security Council. But the previous level of trust has been undermined.
Finally, amid the “hybrid war” with angry Russia and growing contradictions with China, it will be more difficult to effectively counteract these problems. At the same time, the Ukrainian conflict seems to be ...
... witnesses the decline of the US role, the increase of China's activity, as well as the lack of stable economic development and social justice, and shortage of resources. Iran, Turkey and Israel are regional leaders, yet there is still no hegemon in the Middle East. China and Russia should develop multilateral and coordinated partnership in such areas as maintaining security and peace in the Middle East, expanding alternative regional formats of cooperation in economy, finance, trade, high technology and education, developing ...
... nuclear technologies, which is an obvious risk inherent in the AUK–U.S. adventurism. The U.S. strategy of a new cold war with China envisages the creeping involvement of India in the anti-Beijing military alliance, which will inevitably spur a nuclear ... ... responsible for the current crisis. The return of the U.S. and Iran to the deal would defuse a looming nuclear arms race in the Middle East among Iran, Saudi Arabia and Israel. The U.S. and NATO should strive to work with Russia on achieving mutual guarantees of security ruling out deployment of nuclear or/and conventional strike systems in the proximity ...
On July 16, 2020, Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC), in cooperation with the Institute of Peace and Diplomatic Studies (IPDS, Pakistan), held a video seminar on Russia’s Presidency of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)
On July 16, 2020, Russian ...
... take into account various points of view, including pro-government and opposition politicians, public officials, diplomats, members of security forces, experts, civil society activists, members of the private sector. In addition to respondents from the Middle East and North Africa and the corresponding foreign diasporas, the authors sought to include the views of experts from Europe, Russia, China, and the US.
The sociological survey included expert polls, in-depth face-to-face interviews, focus group discussions, brainstorming sessions, and the Delphi survey to convey the outcomes. The authors state that they also used the materials of fifty-eight ...
... “Russian–Chinese Dialogue: The 2018 Model”
The transformational processes that have been taking place in the Arab world have led Russia and China to the realisation that they need to adopt new approaches to their respective foreign policies in the Middle East.
Russia and China traditionally oppose the interference of external players in the domestic affairs of the countries in the region in contravention of international law. For a long time, Moscow did not view the Middle East as a priority region, focusing from the ...
... The Shaikh Group is holding a high-level Track II meeting on security issues in the Middle East region.
On September 23–25, 2018, in Paris, international political... ... former high-ranking diplomats and leading international experts from the United States, China, India, and a number of European countries. The aim of the discussion is comparative... ... Aksenyonok, RIAC Vice-President, and Andrey Kortunov, RIAC Director General, represent Russian side at the meeting.
... the United States. For example, it was stated that the U.S. withdrawal from the JCPOA does not automatically mean that the international agreements will disintegrate. Chinese experts underscored the important role of China in the development of the Middle East economies. In addition, the experts discussed the role of Russia and China in the post-conflict reconstruction in Syria, the opportunities to create industry in Syria and Iraq in situation of sanctions.
Representatives from Russia Alexander Kramarenko, RIAC Director for Development, Ruslan Mamedov, RIAC Program Assistant,...
