... abandoned by Western companies due to corporate boycotts. Ample opportunities remain for the supply of their products to Russia through Kazakhstan without the sanctions regimes being violated. Their skilful implementation will benefit the country. Like Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan is benefiting from rising energy prices.
Armenia, Georgia and Kazakhstan can be considered the main beneficiaries from migration from Russia. At the same time, the question of the stability of such a flow remains open. The Russian government ...
... the new council would be to deal with those issues as they arose.
Questions concerning the legal status of the Caspian Sea and related disputes came to the fore with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the emergence of the newly independent states of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation, and Turkmenistan. Until then, commerce and navigation on the Caspian were regulated by bilateral agreements between the USSR and Iran, at the time the only two coastal states bordering the Caspian, with third parties ...
... international development finance—export credit agencies. The spearhead of China’s globalization 2.0 export credit agencies is China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation, Sinosure. Sinosure is moving into Belt and Road economies such as Azerbaijian, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan with a clear mandate to underwrite state lending activities in the region. However lacking competition and without transparency, Sinosure can effectively write its own rules of the game, and ensure that China’s renminbi (RMB) ...
This publication includes 53 articles analysing the main development trends in the post-Soviet space – both the geopolitical region as a whole and the individual countries that make it up. The anthology consists of three sections: the first section is retrospective in nature and looks at the post-Soviet space 20 years after the collapse of the USSR; the second section analyses the current state of the former Soviet nations; and the third section provides a number of forecasts for the development...
... single CIS market. It appears that Ukraine is stepping up economic cooperation within the CIS to offset the losses suffered due to the termination of its cooperation with Russia.
Sergey Minasyan:
Hard Times for Multivectorism in Post-Soviet Space: Azerbaijan between Russia and the West
Initially, the CIS not only participated in economic activities, but also was actively involved in peacekeeping efforts such as putting an end to the civil war in Tajikistan or preventing another war in Abkhazia....
... interdependence of the Russian and European economies on fuel imports and exports. However, the EU regards the South Caucasus region (and Azerbaijan, in particular) as a potential energy supplier along with Russia in terms of diversifying its energy resources.
At ... ... interests of three major groups of countries: importing countries (Armenia, Belorussia and Kyrgyzstan), exporting countries (Kazakhstan and Russia) and transit countries (Belorussia).
The energy security of the
importing countries
of the EEU consists ...
... of Two Ministers: Protocol or
a Vigorous Start?
Ecological issues are reflected in the response of the Caspian states to the pollution of the environment. According to Parvin Farshchi, deputy head of Iran’s environmental protection department, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Turkmenia account for most of the oil and gas pollution in the Caspian Sea, because of the exploration and extraction of energy resources undertaken by these countries. Parvin Farshchi noted that 60% of the Caspian’s oil pollution ...
... the Caspian’s status. There are a number of bilateral, trilateral and multilateral differences between the other Caspian states. Russia believes that laying pipelines across the Caspian Sea should be first agreed by all regional states, while Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan, which have large contracts with transnational corporations, oppose the idea. Baku and Ashgabat are locked in a long-standing dispute over the ownership rights to Kapaz field (known in Turkmenistan as the Serdar field). Azerbaijan is concerned ...
... political structure. Each state features specific economic, social and political problems that are sure to surface in 2013.
For
Azerbaijan
, the event of the year is the presidential election. Amended by the 2009 referendum, the
Constitution
allows President ... ... Nagorno-Karabakh and the
systemic modernization of the armed forces
will remain hot topics in Baku.
During the past several years,
Kazakhstan's
key political issue has been the succession of power. It is its first president, Nursultan Nazarbayev, who has personally ...
