... the Southern Mediterranean
The Eastern Mediterranean sub-region is at the juncture of Africa, the Middle East, and Europe, which both makes it hostage to old overlapping conflicts and opens up certain opportunities. It is important to remember that gas reserves in the Mediterranean shelf discovered in the XXI century total
over 3.8 trillion
cubic meters. The key fields are Zohr off the coast of Egypt, Tamar and Leviathan off the coast of Israel, and Aphrodite off the coast of Cyprus, etc. Additionally,...
... competitive advantage, along with the low price of Russian gas, resulted in the United States'
strict opposition
to the project. Indeed, since the advent of technical innovations allowing the extraction of shale gas and its export as liquefied natural gas (LNG), the USA has become
one of the leading gas suppliers
in the world. However, the cost of producing American gas is much higher than that of Russian gas. It is therefore easy to understand the American hostility towards the project. On December 21 2019, while ...
... vessels from participating in further repair or maintenance works.
Meanwhile, Germany and the EU have already voiced strong discontent with the U.S. sanctions. Indeed, they benefit from the project. Russia has agreed to preserve a considerable part of its gas transit via Ukraine — this has been one of the key demands to support the project. The European Union has never invited the U.S. to protect them from the NS2, though there was a heated debate inside the EU. Apparently, sanctions emerge as an instrument ...
... the East Siberian Sea [
18
].
Positive results of production on the Prirazlomnoe field discovered in 1989 in the Pechora Sea allowed to ship and deliver 300 thousand tons of oil to the port of Rotterdam in 2014 (about 2.2 million barrels) [
19
]. The oil ... ... companies, as previously noted, have no access to the shelf due to legislation requirements [
21
]. Russia technologically depends on Western partners in oil and gas production, mainly on offshore drilling rigs, pump-and-compressor and downhole equipment,...
The Specifics and Challenges of LNG Trade in the Region
The fight for energy flows in South Asia has intensified to such a degree of late that it can be compared with the competition in the European market. Just like in Europe, gas contracts in the region reflect the strategic visions of the key geopolitical and regional players with regard to Southeast Asia’s development prospects.
The Persian Gulf countries have historically been the main suppliers of energy resources to ...
Who Will Benefit from the Construction of the Pipeline, and Who Will Not
News about the construction of the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline can be heard almost every day, like reports from the front lines. In reality, the project is one of the primary areas ... ... original Nord Stream came under strong criticism, and a 2014 visit of U.S. senators to Bulgaria was soon followed by the refusal of the authorities in that country to go ahead with the Gazprom project to build South Stream on its territory. Even earlier,...
... implemented without Russia’s participation.
Khamenei’s Signals to Russia
Irina Fedorova:
Hypertension between Iran and the USA
Russia and Iran have become
indispensable political and military partners
in the Syrian war, which is accompanied by an unprecedented,... ... showed that Moscow and Tehran are trying to put stakes on the development of projects in the energy sector. In addition to the gas corridor mentioned,
the news
that "Rosneft" and NIOC, the Iranian national oil company, signed a roadmap for strategic ...
... negative – scenario the USA leaves JCPOA which sparks an antagonistic reaction from Teheran. The return of American sanctions strengthens the position of Iranian conservatives, and all that combined inevitably throws the Iranian economy and its oil and gas sector back to isolation.
Under the second scenario, the USA and Iran stick to the nuclear deal. However, the sense of precarious unpredictability about Iran’s future affects the sentiment of international investors. The long-run repercussions of this scenario are tantamount to that of the first one. Here,...
... clear. Rosneft is likely to lobby for the liberalization of access to shelf deposits, as most of the blocks are already split between them and Gazprom. However, it might be difficult to reach a consensus with the Russian leadership in the case that the USA strengthens sanctions against the Russian oil and gas sector.
What Will the New Sanctions Lead to?
Pavel Sharikov:
How to Make Russia-U.S. Relations Great Again?
The adoption of the new anti-Russian sanctions will definitely complicate the life of the above mentioned foreign partners, and might worsen ...
Policy brief #8/2016
The decline in global oil prices that began in the summer of 2014 carries with it a number of risks in assembling a whole range of major oil and gas projects, including shale gas extraction projects, deep-water offshore projects and projects in the Arctic shelf.
In these conditions, despite the ongoing surplus of global oil production in relation to consumption, the question nevertheless arises: ...