... For convenience let us choose the year 2057, with the understanding that this is an approximate date. (However, the date 2079 is purely heuristic for the present analytical exercise, and not necessarily significant from the standpoint of periodizing future international systems.)
In the history of international affairs, international orders are not constituted by a single international system; rather, they span two or more international systems. Therefore, the post-2057 international system will ...
... post-American world. While many still regard the breakup of the Soviet Union as the starting point of modern history, there is increasingly more evidence that the world is entering a new era: the decline of the unipolar setup.
The Past Unveiling the Future
Russian political science tends to refrain from forecasting beyond a 15-year time limit in the belief that long-term predictions are a
priori
schematic. Generalizations of this kind – massive, clumsy and paradoxical – are standard ...
... in regional affairs suggests that the borders of Central Asian countries may be changed to meet the interests of these outside players. How might national borders in the region change in one hundred years?
Mobile Borders in Central Asia
Contemplating future borders in Central Asia is not an easy task: for one thing, the external boundaries of this region, vis-à-vis the other regions of the world, have never been clearly defined. In terms of classical 19th century geography, Central Asia is ...
... not cope with this task even together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and Japan. Against this background, the launch of Mir orbital station and the testing of Buran Energy system (1988) looked like the success of Soviet cosmonautics. Neither the USA nor the Soviet Union had technological capacities to achieve the implementable supremacy in space.
Cost-effectiveness without breakthroughs
Future Space Technologies
It is in this context that the space powers started restructuring their space programs. Cost-effectiveness became the priority of space projects.
The NASA made the first step in this direction. The Communications Satellite Act ...
