How will the Middle East emerge from the upheavals that overwhelmed it at the turn of the century?
Among Arab political scientists and politicians, much as in the circles of Middle East experts across the world, the political processes in a region that has seen multidirectional dynamics since 2011 continue to be hotly debated.
Regime changes in four Arab states (Libya, Yemen, Sudan, Algeria) were followed by protracted civil wars and humanitarian disasters unprecedented for the 21
st
century. The...
The Arab nationalist movements are waiting for the necessary external and internal conditions to mature
The events of the “Arab Spring” that began 10 years ago were considered a tectonic shift, capable of overturning the previous development logic of the Middle East. While the collective West counted on “democratisation” due to their liberal ideology, Russia or China ...
... with demands for political and economic reforms. They were tired of Hosni Mubarak, who has been in power for 30 years, as well as high unemployment and lack of political competition. Despite the successful revolution, over the past ten years after the Arab Spring, the Egyptian state has become even more authoritarian than under Hosni Mubarak. After the June 30 revolution, the Authorities unleashed a lethal strategy of repression against Muslim Brotherhood supporters. Tens of thousands of political ...
... the second day of unrest, the protesters' slogans began to turn political, with one of the most popular being "The People Want to Overthrow the Regime," which is hard to see in any other light than a direct reference to the sentiments of the Arab Spring.
This association with the events of 2011 is far from accidental. The developments in Iraq are taking place in the same temporal continuum as the unrest in Algeria, which has been going on for almost a year. The same goes for mass protests ...
... unquestionable external hegemon of the Arab world. Russia could hope for only very modest progress in dealing with select Arab nations like Egypt, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, and Syria.
The relative stability of the region started to crumble in the wake of the Arab Spring. The changing situation presented Moscow both new challenges and new opportunities. On the one hand, the Kremlin had reasons to be concerned about a spillover effect of the Arab Spring, particularly in the post-Soviet Central Asia, but also ...
... Gaddafi. The murder of 1270 prisoners at the Abu Salim prison in Libya in 1996 was just one episode. Nobody knows exactly how many such incidents actually took place.
The suppression of the Houthi insurgency in Yemen in 2004–2010 (i.e. before the Arab Spring) resulted in several tens of thousands of human casualties.
All this caused a barely audible murmur of discontent outside the region, but it was never a reason for the de-legitimization of regimes within the societies themselves.
Today, however,...
... the auspices of Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies and Middle East Directions Program.
The conference is dedicated to the social roots of radicalization and violence; the new forms of governance from above and from below that emerged after the Arab Spring; opportunities for local social and economical infrastructure preservation and development in the areas of armed conflict; the conventional and unconventional diplomatic processes and initiatives, the role played by non-state actors, the faith-based ...
... world including the previously unattainable kingdoms of the Gulf. In many Arab countries – from Egypt to UAE – one could see rapidly growing and vibrant Russian Diasporas engaged in business, cultural exchanges, education and tourism.
The Arab Spring of 2011 – 2012 changed many fundamentals in the region. Many of authoritarian Arab regimes were shattered having failed to cope with challenges of a much overdue political and social transition. Non-state actors of radical and fundamentalist ...
... as well as in a mutually satisfactory resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Russia tries to avoid taking sides in the Sunni-Shia disputes supporting those in the region who stand for religious tolerance and respect for minority rights. The Arab Spring of 2011–2012 changed many fundamentals in the region. Many of authoritarian Arab regimes were shattered having failed to cope with challenges of a much overdue political and social transition. Non-state actors of radical and fundamentalist ...
People claiming that the withdrawal from Iraq of U.S. forces carried out by the Obama Administration from 2010-2011 explains the rise of the terrorist group ISIS have absolutely no idea what they are talking about. A simple look at the timeline, geography, facts, context, and history concerning the withdrawal and the rise of ISIS makes this abundantly clear and provable beyond any reasonable doubt. Ultimately, Iraqi Prime Minister Maliki's policies and the dynamics of Syria's raging...
