... the yuan internationalization process. The study outlines China’s key de-dollarization mechanisms and evaluates the yuan’s potential to become a major reserve currency. In addition, the report examines how China’s strategy affects the Russian economy, comparing Moscow and Beijing’s de-dollarization approaches, and offers recommendations for developing Russia’s de-dollarization policy
China’s De-dollarization Mechanisms within the Yuan Internationalization Strategy
, 2.8 Mb
... pertinent to explore the gradual evolution of the group, in order to properly understand the much-discussed informal organization of emerging economies.
Evolution of BRICS
Alexander Ignatov:
BRICS Expansion and Prospects for BRICS Cooperation in the Digital Economy
As mentioned earlier, BRICS is an informal grouping of emerging economies. It is a denotative acronym of its founding/core member states namely, Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The acronym was first
introduced
by Jim O'Neill (a ...
... partners play an important but ancillary role in the Russian foreign trade strategy.
First, this refers to the partial diversification of Russian exports in certain product categories, including as a way to reduce the growing dependence of the national economy on other Asian markets, particularly those of China and India.
Second, this function implies an even more targeted substitution of imports that were lost after Western trade routes closed—primarily high-tech goods such as industrial products ...
... and left a deep imprint on the national mentality. This heritage will undoubtedly stay with Russians in future, affecting their perceptions of themselves, the overall worldviews as well as many specific economic, social, military and other decisions.
Economy
Andrey Kortunov:
Is Global Icebreaker Race Imminent?
Today, the Arctic region houses less than 1.3% of Russia’s population, but it accounts for some 12–15% of the national GDP and for 25% of all the exports. One fifth of all Russia’s oil ...
... achieved much faster and at a much lower cost. That is the vital economic dimensions of “strategic autonomy.” These dimensions, above all, include the advancement of critical modern technologies (digital infrastructure, semiconductors, AI, green economy) and diversification of supply chains to limit the current overwhelming EU dependence on US trading partners.
To achieve both goals, the EU would need stronger economic ties with China. The convergence of interests between the two major economic ...
... large-scale mobilization and relying on volunteers and contract soldiers. The ability to conduct a major and prolonged military operation with a professional, rather than conscript-based, army is a pivotal interim result.
The resilience of the Russian economy in the face of confrontation with the collective West is also noteworthy. Russia’s deep integration into the global economy, particularly its reliance on Western supply chains, financial institutions, and rules, posed significant risks in the ...
... difficult to compensate for these losses. While the diaspora abroad can serve as an asset – lobbying for pro-Ukrainian legislation, advocating for sanctions against Russia, and sending remittances – it cannot directly contribute to the country’s economy.
Human losses have been compounded by extensive damage to infrastructure, including industrial and material assets. Ongoing military activity has caused significant destruction, with reconstruction expected to require tens of billions of dollars....
Despite the efforts of Middle Eastern countries to enhance their influence in regional and international affairs, they continue to deal with issues that require external support
Becoming more evident in recent years, the latest events taking place in the Middle East may reinforce an awareness of the changing role of Middle Eastern states in international relations. Episodes such as U.S. President Donald Trump's remarks about the Gaza Strip and the fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime in Syria have...
... Beijing assigns a key role in this process to the Belt and Road Initiative, as well as other global efforts in development, security and building a civilizational community. China’s influence in Southeast Asia is indeed
increasing
, especially in the economy and technology. Some local elites perceive China’s growing presence as an expansionist move aimed at reshaping the regional architecture. As a result, efforts to oppose the implementation of Chinese plans have emerged in the region, framed as ...
... German diplomacy. It seems possible to identify several factors that will determine the direction of Russian–German relations.
Rainer Rothfuss, Yuri Kofner:
From Sanctions to Prosperity: How Normalizing Relations with Russia Would Boost Germany’s Economy
To begin with, Friedrich Merz’s first task in foreign policy will be to synchronize positions with Washington on a wide range of issues. Donald Trump’s return to the presidency came as a surprise to the German political establishment, which ...
