... the case of “Russia is losing to NATO and produces its nuclear big stick,”
other nuclear powers
also envision, both
overtly and covertly
, such ways of using nuclear weapons. So far, it is certainly difficult to imagine a situation when, say, France gets involved in the hostilities around Ukraine and suffers horrendous losses, but life is full of surprises. At the same time, given the current available forces and the
“conventional deterrence” concept
in its various forms, first there ...
... (EASLG)
The Co-Conveners of the Euro-Atlantic Security Leadership Group (EASLG) released the following
statement
:
“We welcome the leadership shown by the leaders of The People’s Republic of China, the French Republic, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America in their January 3, 2022 Joint Statement on Preventing Nuclear War and Avoiding Arms Races.
We are encouraged by the statement’s clear affirmation of the principle ...
...
preparations for orbital warfare were openly declared
to be its principal task.
Orbital warfare
is also one of the subjects to be taught to officers at the new training centre.
The U.S. initiative caused a domino effect among its allies. In September 2019, France established, as part of its air force, a Space Command with a higher status than before, and in
October 2020, NATO announced
the creation of a space centre at Allied Air Command in the Ramstein Air Base in Germany.
Meanwhile, the United Kingdom is planning to establish its own Space Command in 2022
, and even the “pacifist” Japan announced the
launch of a new “Space Operations Squadron”
to "protect Japanese satellites."
Undoubtedly, this process is only gaining ...
... thus develop an immunity to it. In the end, President of France Emmanuel Macron was forced to point out rather bluntly the real limits of British sovereignty to his pompous counterpart Boris Johnson. Having threatened to close the border between the United Kingdom and France (and between the United Kingdom and the European Union), Paris forced London to keep in step with other European countries.
The European Union had thus twisted the United Kingdom’s arm, forcing it to play by European rules. But who will twist ...
... why we have many problems in common with Europe, those that generate states of inequality and despair, other forms of alienation. They are easier to solve together. We can draw lessons from each other’s mistakes. If we take the pensions reform in France, something could be prompted by the experience of the similar reform in Russia. It has led to a substantial rise in the over-all uncertainty in the country, which might continue well into the 2024 elections, unless a broad maneuver is undertaken ...
... to its security than it did at the beginning of the century. And the bilateral dialogue on nuclear issues between the United States and Russia is extremely difficult at best, and, at worst, in a state of limbo for the foreseeable future. Meanwhile, France and the United Kingdom are still nuclear powers and permanent members of the UN Security Council. And Germany has been a non-permanent member since the beginning of 2019. Maybe it is time for European leaders to show the same kind of political will and imagination ...
... “Multilateral Format” Scenarios
1. Regardless of the resolution of the post-Yugoslav heritage problems, formation of a permanent "Balkan Council" is a top priority. It would include representatives of Russia, the US, Great Britain, Turkey, France, Italy, Slovenia and Germany as international observers, with mediation on the part of the EU and the UN, and also envoys of all the Western Balkan countries. The logical way to give life to this format is to reframe and accelerate the work of ...
...
The INF Treaty is falling apart at the seams, creating threats to all the arms control regimes in their current form. The crisis could either bury the very principle of arms control or create an environment for a new strategic stability architecture.
France and the United Kingdom are obviously concerned about the possibility of becoming targets for Russia’s restored non-strategic missiles. In the worst-case scenario, if the INF Treaty is cancelled altogether, the current cooperation on the SCALP/Storm Shadow cruise ...
... place. Moreover, the 2017 referendum demonstrated that the overwhelming majority of ethnic Turks support Recep Erdogan. Italy, France and Spain are largely guided by economic considerations and the
Realpolitik
concept. At the same time, “junior” EU ... ... with the European Union’s common trade policy, but it may not participate in decision-making processes. For instance, the United Kingdom initiated Brexit and is in talks with Brussels on the future economic development. Even though economic relations ...
...., Godfrey J.S. Regional Oceanography: An Introduction. N.Y.: Pergamon, 1994.
5
. Claims have been made by Argentina and the United Kingdom (the Falkland Islands, South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands) as well as Argentina and Chile (islands of the ... ... the Soviet Union and the United States, upheld the royal decree of 1927 on the accession of the “Bouvet sector.” France’s Antarctic dominions include the Crozet Islands, Kerguelen Island, the island of Saint-Paul and Amsterdam Islands....
