The Three Phases of Jihadism
... sending them back to Europe to establish caliphates. The third phase of Jihadism, namely ISIS, held a post-millenarian perspective, as opposed to Al Qaeda which was pre-millenarian. By the same token, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi independently developed a form of jihad that was mostly sectarian. He... ... who were antagonized and persecuted. With this support, they established a network in Syria and Iraq which eventually became the Caliphate. The third phase of Jihadism did... ... through phishing actions. This allowed them to build a mechanism that would lead to the Islamic State and to the Caliphate which was proclaimed in June 2014. However the post-millenarian...