Russian Cyber Sovereignty: One Step Ahead

... eavesdropping operations on Soviet undersea communication cables. Today, both the U.S. , Russia , China , and other capable powers conduct underwater espionage operations.... ... information can be manipulated and adapted as needed for cyber operations. Pavel Karasev: Cybersecurity and NATO’s Nuclear Capability The final layer consists of the users... ... is promoting an intelligent and data-driven campaign against its global adversaries. Cyber Warfare: A Tool of International Security Since Westphalia , states longed to preserve their sovereignty. States, especially great powers, usually prefer to avoid conventional conflict...