The Issue of Connectivity in India-Russia Relations — From Eurasia to the Arctic
... so to create seamless infrastructure at the Azerbaijan-Iran border, for example through the construction of a new railroad line to Iranian southern port with 1520 mm gauge, [ 16 ] further investment will be needed. This option is now scrutinised by Moscow and Tehran as two sides held negotiations on establishing railroad from Parsabad to Bandar Abbas with Russian standard gauge [ 17 ]. The Eastern route of the INSTC has more stakeholders as it relies on transport infrastructure of Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Iran, but it also received a notable boost in July 2022 with a launch of a new Russian-Indian container service, [ 18 ] surpassing in numbers ...