The Three Phases of Jihadism
... led to an increase in foreign boots on the ground: the 2015 JCPOA agreement allowed Russia to increase presence in Syria and send forces to Khmeimim, and Western presence increased in the campaign to terminate ISIS. How to prevent the next... ... lost all of their territorial strongholds, and the ability to call themselves an “Islamic State.” According to Dr. Kepel, this is the end of Phase Three, the “aufhebung”... ... have to do something. Andrey Kortunov, Malcolm Chalmers: Upholding Stability in the Middle East: An Opportunity for Russia–Europe Cooperation? Dr. Kepel believes there...
08.05.2019