Russia and China in the Arctic: Cooperation, Competition, and Consequences

China and Russia act in accordance with their own interests, which are not always identical. For the time being, the creation ... ... newfound presence in the region as a threat to the West. 1 Russia, in turn, has expressed concern about the growing U.S. and NATO military activity in Europe’s North and the adjacent seas. There is a sense of new Sino-American bipolarity in the air....