The Moscow–Tehran Axis: Alliance without Rigid Obligations

... the situation in the region is much different to the Cold War-style polarization that analysts bring up so frequently . The Middle East of 2022 is a complex combination of multi-vector approaches of various countries. All this is not so much a reflection ... ... United Arab Emirates, and this is unlikely to change any time soon. It is this difficult political climate that gave rise to the Astana format, a platform where the parties with different approaches—and even waging a proxy war against each other—can come ...