The Current State of Trade and Economic Relations between Russia and Turkey

Economic ties between Russia and Turkey were in the ascendant over the past two decades as trade grew, mutual investment increased, Russian tourists visited in droves, energy cooperation expanded and cultural ties strengthened. Then an incident on the Turkish-Syrian border caused substantial damage not only to political but also to economic relations. Russia and Turkey’s social and economic models experienced profound changes during the 20th and 21st centuries. In the early 1980s, Turkey started...