... interests under good slogans, on the other. The first led to the consumption of resources and the undermining of faith in the omnipotence of the hegemon (the Afghan resistance managed to eject not only the “inefficient USSR”, but also the “efficient USA”, with all its allies). The second is to undermine confidence and growing scepticism on the part of other major players. Russia was the first, then China began to come to a similar understanding. In Russia, it began to emerge during the process of NATO’s advance to the east and transition into the post-Soviet space, perceived by Moscow as “hacking” the political systems of neighbouring states....
... Venezuelan leader Nicolas Maduro, who not so long ago was perceived in Washington solely as an international criminal.
As for the US-China stand-off, it is not clear what exactly Washington has prepared to counter Beijing’s growing economic activity in, say,... ... States, whether it concerns productions from Hollywood or the science programs of American universities. The position of the USA in international institutions (especially when it comes to their bureaucracy, which represents a kind of global deep state) ...
... There also needs to be more work within the G20 dedicated to ex-ante crisis prevention through the analysis of recession risk scenarios and the possible policy responses coming though G20 policy coordination.
GT: How do you feel about the changes in China's role and influence in the G20 over the past few years? What has China's vision of global governance, as well as the initiatives put forward by Chinese President Xi Jinping, such as the Global Security Initiative and the Global Development Initiative,...
The new emphasis on China will not change the US position on Ukraine, but it might affect the foreign policy discourse in Washington
Foreign policy matters seldom set the US midterm election agenda. The midterm elections of 2022 were no exception from this general rule: ...
... longer be stopped.
The coming period will be the time for defining a new power base of the order, and it is still difficult to say which powers and to what extent will become part of it.
It is important that the great powers of the present time - the USA, Russia, China and India - are not close or, moreover, united in terms of values and understanding of the basic principles of internal order. So far, the biggest problem is the behaviour of the United States and inpidual countries of Western Europe, which, due ...
... against the oil and gold sectors in Venezuela or on the oil industry in Iran. Blocking financial sanctions were also combined with more familiar sanctions instruments, including export or import bans.
It would seem that the rapid economic growth of China and the European Union should have interfered with US leadership and reduced the severity of sanctions. However, it turned out that the size of a given economy is not commensurate with possibilities for using it for political purposes. Neither the ...
While Xi Jinping may respect the legitimacy of Russia’s actions to protect its national interests and security in the face of external forces, he has a greater interest in having a bird’s eye view of China’s greatest costs of war
During the Cold War, the Soviet Union and the United States competed for global supremacy numerous times by waging proxy wars around the world; Afghanistan, Vietnam, and Angola being the most notable. Today, Russia has ...
... structure of the nuclear system, as it will get more complicated to control nuclear deterrence between Russia, the U.S. and China. China will agree to become a member of the nuclear arms control system only when their potential equals that of the United States.... ... 1970–1980, when there was a possibility of an open military clash between the armies of several countries (several hundred thousand people), now there is no need for its use. In addition, the consequences of using tactical nuclear weapons are completely ...
... percent of investments in the Far East were of domestic origin.
It is possible that precisely because of its limited economy, the “turn to the East” strategy in its concrete expression did not go beyond the establishment of really strong ties with China, together with which Russia has now begun to solve the really important problems of the international order. In all other respects, the “turn to the East” remained a rhetorically important but poorly implemented sphere of activity for the Russian ...
... two systems" concept. However, the Hong Kong factor only consolidated and strengthened trends in Taiwanese politics driving it away from the PRC, which had taken place even before.
Thus, the "peaceful reunification" looks problematic. China has been able to build a powerful infrastructure for economic influence on Taiwan, becoming a key trade and industrial partner for the island. Hundreds of thousands of Taiwanese live and do business in the mainland.
But the PRC has been unable to convert this economic influence and human connections into real political influence in Taiwan. Since the return of the Democratic Progressive Party to power in the ...
