Pipe Dreams: Russia at the Gas Flows’ Crossroads

... the ambitions of Turkey and Bulgaria. The latest geoeconomic and political factors prompt the revival of negotiations on the previously frozen pipeline projects designed to export Russian gas to Europe. Let’s note that the South Stream and the Turkish stream had been frozen due to the cooling in Russia’s relations with Bulgaria and Turkey respectively. Background: the South Stream Frozen Previously, agreements had been signed on constructing the South Stream pipeline (with the capacity of 63 billion cubic meters of gas annually, the cost of the project being about ...