The Three Phases of Jihadism
... there would be more opportunity to expand by recruiting brothers, training them in the Middle East or Pakistan, and sending them back to Europe to establish caliphates. The third phase of Jihadism, namely ISIS, held a post-millenarian perspective, as opposed to Al Qaeda which was pre-millenarian. By the same token, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi independently developed a form of jihad that was mostly sectarian. He... ... who were antagonized and persecuted. With this support, they established a network in Syria and Iraq which eventually became the Caliphate. The third phase of Jihadism did...
08.05.2019