Farewell to Arms: CFE Treaty and Russia’s Withdrawal

... The Treaty has effectively been dormant since 2007, the year Russia suspended its participation in the Treaty. The control of conventional armed forces in Europe was carried out through other cooperation formats, more convenient than the cumbersome CFE Treaty – primarily through the Treaty on Open Skies (TOS) and the Vienna Document 2011 on Confidence and Security Building Measures (VD 2011). Unlike the CFE Treaty, neither of these documents set any “ceilings” for military equipment ...