... transatlantic solidarity. If anything, the reverse is likely: the inevitable difficulty of economic recovery and likely escalation of the confrontation with China will push the Trump administration to ramp up pressure on the EU even further.
“The European Union is worse than China. Just smaller,” Trump said just last year, complaining of taxes and tariffs. The president considers his decisive policy on the United States’ European allies to be one of the main achievements of his administration, and he has every intention ...
... of power, it does not want to become a “normal” country according to Washington’s understanding of the word either. Against this background, Russian-Chinese relations have gained potential. This is not a military alliance. However, Russia and China have acquired a significant reserve of confidence. Growing US pressure is pushing the two powers closer together.
Under these conditions, the European Union is becoming important for America. Almost all EU countries are US military allies in NATO. However, the North Atlantic Alliance is not even remotely focused on containing China. It was indirectly involved in the fight against international ...
... and a “periphery,” as is the case with many integration projects.
Fourth, unlike the rigid integration structures like the European Union, the Partnership envisages highly flexible forms of involving individual states or their regional groups in its ... ... Partnership (trade, finance, infrastructure, visa, etc.) with due account of their current needs and capabilities.
Russia–China Dialogue: The 2020 Model. RIAC, Institute of Far Eastern Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Institute of International ...
... multilateral security arrangements, disputes within NATO and the collapse of arms control treaties, like INF and Open Skies. Both the European Union and the Russian Federation have to adjust to this new reality.
Does it open up new avenues for co-operation or ... ... addressed include:
How will security on the European continent be affected by growing geopolitical tensions between the US and China for the security of the European continent? As Europe increasingly has to fend for itself and strengthen its own security ...
China-EU relations have been in free fall since China was labeled as “strategic rival” of the EU
Russia’s relations with the European Union hit their lowest in 2014, as a direct result of the political gridlock in Ukraine. Russia's subsequent involvement in the issue, with bold actions in Crimea and the incident with Malaysia Airlines flight MH17, led to a political outcry ...
... United States and China” webinar
6
. Egmont Royal Institute for International Relations “Europe in the face of US-China rivalry” (2020) URL:
http://www.egmontinstitute.be/content/uploads/2020/01/200122-Final-ETNC-report-Europe-in-the-Face-of-US-China-Rivalry.pdf?type=pdf
7
. Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics, “The European Union and Multilateral Governance” (2012)
8
. CSIS (Center for Strategic & International Studies), Ortega A. “The US-China race and the fate of transatlantic relations. part II: Bridging differing geopolitical ...
... the US market [
xxv
].
In other words, the United States remains the world leader in terms of the sanctions’ frequent use and effectiveness. The future of US hegemony in this area will depend on the policies of other major players, such as the EU, China and Russia.
European Union: Sanctions as an Alternative to Diplomacy and Weapons
Sanctions Against Russia: A Look Into 2020. RIAC Report
Sanctions are almost an ideal foreign policy tool for the EU. The EU is now mature enough to pursue a consolidated and vigorous ...
... a top-level summit in Paris of the Normandy Four. Agreement was reached on gas transit. Consultations between Russia and the European Union began on 5G communications. It is true, of course, that one cannot really speak of a serious shift in relations ... ... dangerous tendency, because it will begin to impact the international system of the future.
Third, I would draw attention to China’s growing strength, which may be somewhat paradoxical given that the virus originated there. Indeed, China is becoming ...
... relations between Russia and the European Union, I dare say that, even given the depressing strategies pursued by both sides, the principle of a new bipolarity has not taken root. It is only under extreme duress and with extreme reluctance that the European Union has taken any steps against China. This was laid bare for all to see in the tragicomic story involving the EU report on disinformation about the COVID-19 pandemic. The handling of the coronavirus is leaving more and more people in Europe with no illusions about the United States ...
... Trump administration
announced
that it would be cutting the WHO’s aid package from $123 million to $58 million. The reason, according to U.S. officials, was that the assistance offered by other countries, particularly those that are members of the European Union, had failed to materialize. In reality, however, China received help and support from all corners – including a number of European states – during its darkest hours. And now that the country has got the spread of the virus under control, it is offering assistance to Europe, even though there is ...
