... emphatically stressed by the two leaders on the sidelines of the
SCO summit
in September 2022. Kyrgyzstan is a member of most regional integration associations where Russia is involved, be it political, trade-economic (CIS, EEU, SCO) or military-technical (CSTO). It is no coincidence that Mr. Zhaparov paid his first foreign visit as head of state, in February 2021, to Russia.
In the meantime, it’s worth noting that it was in Kyrgyzstan that most eye-catching political actions both in support and against ...
... raises questions for us, the answers of which seemed obvious until quite recently. Among them is the problem of such phenomena as permanent alliances and allied relations. It is no secret to anyone that the behaviour of Moscow’s formal allies in the CSTO and the Eurasian Economic Union amid the current conditions raises questions in Russia.
Among its opponents, it raises hopes that the presence of these associations is no longer an advantage, but a problem for Russia’s external and defence policy....
... building up contacts with Tajikistan while simultaneously controlling its foreign trade with its key partner, the U.S. wants to limit Tajikistan’s bilateral relations with Russia.
Finally, as a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), Tajikistan intends to view this organization as a resource in case Dushanbe loses control of the situation in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region (GBAO). January 2022 set a precedent of resorting to the CSTO’s forces in Kazakhstan to protect ...
... with certainty how radical the coming changes will be and to what extent they will affect not only Europe
Several international institutions for cooperation, integration and collective security - primarily the Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) - were created in a historical period that, apparently, has finally come to an end.
Now we cannot say with certainty how radical the coming changes will be and to what extent they will affect not only Europe,...
... turmoil in Kazakhstan
dealt a
significant blow
to Ankara’s ambitions in post-Soviet Eurasia and the “Turkic World.” In quick order, Kazakhstan’s President managed to gain control over the situation in close coordination with Russia and the CSTO. The episode vividly underscored the importance that Russia attaches to the post-Soviet space as its primary zone of vital national security interests. It also highlighted the reality that, in today’s multipolar world, Turkey, despite all the talk ...
... Sino-Russian bloc is prone to endure for the coming decades or so
Kazakhstan: a key player and a logistic hub for China’s Belt and Road Initiative, a member of the Russia-led Eurasian Economic Union and the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), the largest country in Central Asia that has practised a multi-vector foreign policy with ease, the most advanced in terms of political and economic reforms among other countries in Central Asia, and often the main avenue for negotiations on important ...
... power struggle which has likely sounded the death-knell of the Nazarbayevs in domestic Kazakhstan politics.
Andrey Kortunov:
Political Extremists, Gangs First Ones to Gain from Kazakh Turmoil
With the Kazakh government stabilized and the Russian-led CSTO force now withdrawing, the political risk scenarios surrounding Kazakhstan domestic political, social, economic, and geopolitical future are still just as opaque, complex, and institutionally multivariate. Tokayev is confirmed as still President ...
The Preliminary Lessons of the Crisis in Kazakhstan
With the current situation in Kazakhstan remaining unclear and reports on last-minute developments being incomplete and controversial, many fundamental questions about the unfolding crisis so far have not received clear and convincing answers. Were the street protests purely spontaneous or had they been carefully planned and skillfully organized? Does the public outrage and mutiny have exclusively domestic roots or is it linked to powerful foreign...
... the international context and geopolitical changes that the CIA has been concerned about in a post-2021 Afghanistan.
During the 2001–2021 period, Russia has regained its great power status and, through the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), is now in a position to provide protection to Central Asian countries, notably Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. Moreover, Vladimir Putin’s Russia is now more active in far-flung countries such as Syria, suggesting that Moscow may once again be interested ...
... Russians. Russia also maintains close security ties to the states that border Afghanistan, namely: Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Iran. Russia’s
largest
foreign military base is in Tajikistan, while the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), a Russia-led military alliance, figures to play a
major role
in any fallout from the Afghan crisis to secure the borders of member states. Russia has deployed tanks to the Afghan-Tajik border and plans to hold
joint exercises
with Uzbekistan ...
