The “Southern Deal” Between Moscow and Washington: A Duel of Diplomacies
The Russia-US agreement on a de-escalation zone in southwestern Syria ... ... which refused to send their delegations to the fifth round of the Astana process. This achievement could potentially help preserve ... ... to full members of the Astana format and guarantor countries. Iran and Turkey, for their part, will retain their status as guarantor ... ... the southern de-escalation zones and the security zone, with the USA among the guarantor nations, creation of similar de-escalation ...
17.07.2017