Russia and Modernization: The Enduring Legacy of Peter the Great

... is no longer confined to the West, which has lost its monopoly as the leader of modernization. However, no matter how we define Russia—as a “civilizational state”, a “nation-state”, an “empire”, or in any other political form—without modernization, it is doomed to perish. The legacy of Peter the Great is more than relevant in the current international climate. First published in the Valdai Discussion Club .