... up for the shortage in three ways. First, they can use their own strategic reserves (China’s reserves alone are
estimated
at about 700 million barrels, however, there... ... including
Arab Medium
and
Arab Heavy
; finally, they can increase shipments from Iran either directly, or by producing new mixes, similar to what happened in the coastal... ... September 12–17, 2019
Source: Bloomberg
Notably, market panic was a positive thing for Russia. Prices on
Urals
, Russia’s principal exported grade of oil, went up USD 1...
... would sell oil in Resolve to China, China pays Resolve to Brazil for Soya Beans, Brazil pays Resolve to Russia for fertilizers, Russia pays India in Resolve for tea, and India pays in Resolves to South Africa for distillation products.
The merits for accelerating ... ... the scope of NDB are not only inherent in the form of more elasticity for national currencies but also bringing Asia Pacific (China), Eurasia (Europe), India (Sub-Continent), Middle East or West Asia (Iran) Africa (South Africa) and South America (Brazil) together. An immediate intra-continental set of synergies will emerge through ...
... coalition. For the same reason, an international operation, at least at the initial stages, cannot be led by the navies of any regional powers already involved in a confrontation. It is also difficult, given the situation, to imagine that the navies of Iran and Saudi Arabia could interact effectively.
Ivan Timofeev:
Tanker Incidents: Who Blinks First?
India, China, and Russia could offer their patrolling services, since both India and China are critically dependent on the energy sources transported through the Strait, and Russia could carry out such work thanks to the special role that Moscow plays in the Middle East ...
... the most sensitive sanctions was the ban on the import and transportation of Iranian oil, which the Americans extended to all buyers. That is, the sanctions were declared extraterritorial again.
The EU and the parties to the nuclear deal (UK, Germany, China, Russia, France, and naturally Iran) reacted harshly to Donald Trump’s demarche. For the EU, the undermining of the JCPOA was a sensitive issue both politically and economically. Brussels has long promoted the idea of multilateral diplomacy. Furthermore, when the main sanctions against ...
... fluidity of the situation and mindful of the steadily expanding role of Russia and China in exploiting the pristine diplomatic space in Afghanistan, and how it could potentially... ... has traditionally pervaded Indian strategic thinking in favor of participating in the Russian spearheaded Six-Party Dialogue Framework, even to sit at the Moscow table alongside... ... burden-partake through commissioning of a supplanting military presence in Afghanistan.
The Iranian question
The Iran dossier presents Indian foreign policy with a cleft-stick...
Russia can do quite a lot at the political level, but it cannot replace Europe as a potential driver of Iran’s economic and social development
On May 8, 2019, Iran sent a message to Germany, Britain, China and Russia that it was suspending the fulfilment of certain obligations under the “Iranian nuclear deal” – the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, or JCPOA. In particular, Tehran refuses to comply with restrictions that were placed on the production ...
An increased American pressure on Iran makes Tehran even more dependent on major US geopolitical adversaries — China and Russia
The Trump administration has decided to designate
Iran's Islamic Revolution’s Guard Corps (IRGC)
as a foreign terrorist organization. It is the first time when Washington includes into its list of terrorist organizations an official institution of a foreign state. Moreover, the IRGC is not just another ...
... all parties to the conflict and the Assad regime uses force to suppress its opponents, then it is unlikely that international institutions will provide aid or investments in the post-conflict period.
Russian experts believe that, given the fact that China, Iran and Russia are building up cooperative ties, the sides could define their areas of responsibility both on the restoration of Syria, and on the Middle East as a whole.
China has already expressed its intention to take part in the restoration of Syria [
35
...
... mutual payments due to the United States reinstating sanctions against Iran. The Minister mentioned cooperation in several areas, such as tax regulation in bilateral trade, housing construction and, curiously, investment in rebuilding Syria, for which Iran has no money.
Tehran is forced to act with regard to Russia and China’s support, given the unwillingness of European investors to invest in post-war rebuilding of Syria.
Like Minister Hatami, Teimur Bashirgonbadi spoke about the indispensable role that Iran’s private business plays in developing bilateral cooperation ...
... undermine the prospects for energy cooperation. In this sense, the idea to lay an offshore pipeline from Iran to India could be a compromise for all the parties involved. The plan to lay the pipeline has been under discussion since the summer of 2017, with Russia and Iran being its most active proponents. In the days leading up to the June summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Qingdao, China, the Pakistani press quoted a source in the country’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs as saying that a
memorandum
of understanding on the construction of an underwater gas pipeline originating in Iran was ready to be signed between Russia, Iran and ...
