Strategic Implications of the Melting Arctic Sea Ice for Indonesia

... that the Northern Sea Route (NSR) can reduce the travel distance between Europe and Asia by approximately 10 to 14 days compared to routes passing through the Suez Canal. Undoubtedly, the opening of the potential Northern Sea Route slightly disrupts Indonesia's GMF policy, especially the second, third, fourth, and fifth pillar. The second pillar is heavily focused on economic matters. This could become a central issue for Indonesia because the NSR holds significant potential to diversify global shipping lanes ...