The Three Phases of Jihadism
... their demise. They were unable to deliver on the ground. They were forced to flee from Afghanistan, and they were unable to create a strong Sunni jihad base in Iraq after... ... sending them back to Europe to establish caliphates. The third phase of Jihadism, namely ISIS, held a post-millenarian perspective, as opposed to Al Qaeda which was pre-millenarian... ... through phishing actions. This allowed them to build a mechanism that would lead to the Islamic State and to the Caliphate which was proclaimed in June 2014. However the post-millenarian...