European Union Impact on Central Asia: Political, Economic, Security and Social Spheres

... Kazakhstan and to some degree in Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan, while in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan it has been much weaker; - In the security sphere, the EU's impact has been the mostly pronounced in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, to a lesser extent in Kazakhstan,... ... negligible in both Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, and is practically unnoticeable in Turkmenistan. If the overall impact of the European Union on the countries of Central Asia in some areas was significant, today that impact is rather weak (especially in comparison to Russia and China). As ...