... ministers in 1999 from the position that the world continued to recover from the Asian crisis of 1997 and the subsequent default in Russia in 1998. It was necessary to involve in the dialogue all the systemically important economies of the world. It was necessary ... ... dynamically developing countries - but why? After all, judging by the tradition of appointing representatives of the United States and Europe to the posts of heads of the IMF and the World Bank, these countries knew and understood better than anyone else how to ...
... illusion in the outside world about the independence of Europe and its ability to act as a centre of international politics and economics, separately from the United States. The central element of this independence was the energy cooperation between Russia and Europe, especially Germany, as the most powerful economy of the European Union. Historians are well aware of the serious efforts required by the German authorities in order to break the resistance of the United States in the midst of the confrontation ...
... into an escalation as a result. Incidentally, this also applies to bilateral relations between allies. What scale of a military clash between the US and China would prompt Russian intervention? The same question applies to potential conflicts between Russia and America's European allies, or China and Japan. Not to mention that, over time, Russia and China may also have binding ally obligations. The coming years may show increased regional crises including the great powers on the one hand, and medium-sized powers on the ...
... and economic partner in general. Many have even said that the development of ties with China and Asia should “replace” for Russia so-called traditional partnerships in the West.
In other words, the conflict, which is in fact a hybrid war, between Russia and the US and Europe, can be seen as a condition that will make the “turn to the East” no longer an option, but a necessity, and thus force the Russian state to take it seriously. This is, in fact, a rather new situation and subject for discussion for Russia, since ...
... agreed that any cuts will be voluntary and have no mandatory cap. The rest will depend on further developments around many fault lines, including those in Ukraine, the EU itself, and between Russia and the West in general.
The short-term significance of Russian-EU relations in the energy sector is obvious – they will set the tone for the relationship in general for some time.
Nevertheless, they do not seem to have the capacity to remain a priority in the long term. The EU sees its goal as finding a Russian ...
... includes the countries that became the product of the collapse of European empires as a result of the First World War. At that time, practically all the countries of the Middle East and North Africa, the former possessions of the Austrian, German and Russian empires in Eastern Europe and the Balkans, arose. The only exception was Iran, which has maintained its tradition of statehood for centuries. The small new countries of Eastern Europe existed in an incomprehensible status for two decades and, after the Second World War,...
... Russia largely shifts its economic risks to the entire EAEU, while the risks of other member countries impact the Russian economy to a much lesser extent. Timofey Bordachev also noted the excessive dependence of all post-Soviet countries (not just EAEU members) on Russia (2021a, pp. 5-9; 2021b, p. 206). But his arguments lie in another structural and political paradigm: “… they (with practically no exceptions) are just beginning to realize themselves as sovereign states that bear responsibility for their fate ...
... the world in the latter half of June with more important decisions than the approval of yet another package of sanctions against Moscow. First, the land transit problem between the Russian mainland and Kaliningrad dramatically worsened as part of the EU economic war on Russia. Second, at a June 23 summit, the leaders of the EU countries agreed to grant EU candidate status to Ukraine and Moldova. Although neither is likely to have significant or truly dangerous consequences for the time being, these actions provide an ...
... Club Programme Director Timofei Bordachev.
In the event that the growing conflict in and around Ukraine does not lead to irreparable consequences on a global scale in the near future, its most important result will be a fundamental demarcation between Russia and Europe, which will make it impossible to maintain even insignificant neutral zones and will require a significant reduction in trade and economic ties. Restoring control over the territory of Ukraine, which, most likely, should become a long-term goal ...
... domestic and foreign policy failures. However, we also cannot rule out that the further degradation of France will force its elite to really place its most important security-related tasks in the hands of a senior partner in the economic management of Europe.
And, finally, Russia will play a certain role in realising the prospects of the German atomic bomb. At the moment, Moscow’s actions are being cited as a justification for Germany’s return to militarism. However, one cannot completely dismiss the possibility that ...
