... Moscow’s economic power as much as possible and ensuring Ukraine manages to preserve its sovereignty. Both are hugely dependent on the U.S. ability to manipulate the world petroleum prices and the amount of Russia’s oil and gas exports.
Ivan Timofeev:
US Sanctions Against Iran and the Future of the JCPOA: A View From Tehran and Moscow
Economic pressure on Moscow is (among other factors) largely sustained by the prices of gas and oil, whose export is a crucial component of Russia’s economy. Therefore, one of Washington’s primary efforts is centered ...
... favour of Iran is simply impossible. This means that Biden cannot agree to the lifting of sanctions without the risk of serious losses of his political capital. In other words, Tehran’s requests are unacceptable for the US President.
Ivan Timofeev:
US Sanctions Against Iran and the Future of the JCPOA: A View From Tehran and Moscow
On the other hand, Biden can soften or modify those Trump decrees that he introduced after leaving the deal and which have seriously tightened sanctions. US law does not provide for the president to be accountable ...
... will the United States and Iran agree to that?
Joseph Biden’s victory in the US election raised hopes for a revision of the American approach to the Iranian nuclear deal. Washington unilaterally withdrew from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) in 2018, renewing massive economic sanctions against Iran. The subsequent extraterritorial application of US sanctions forced a significant number of foreign companies to leave Iran.
Ivan Timofeev:
USA vs. JCPOA: How Can Russia and China Respond?
Companies from the EU have suffered the most. Moreover, ...
... of Barack Obama’s diplomacy—the Iranian nuclear deal. Trump not only returned all previously lifted sanctions against Tehran, but also significantly increased pressure on the financial, metallurgical, energy and a number of other sectors of the Iranian economy. It is likely that Biden will attempt to return America to the JCPOA. This will not be easy. The big question is: what will happen to Trump’s sanctions legacy? Will the sanctions be lifted, suspended or modified? Under what conditions could this be done? For example, will the renewal of the arms embargo become such a condition? In any case, a certain window of opportunity is opening up for ...
... the people of Iran” as a result of Trump’s withdrawal from the deal, and “provide guarantees” that this scenario will not be repeated in the future. There is a catch here. Biden does not have to immediately take up the task of returning to the JCPOA and lifting all sanctions on Iran. Most likely, J. Biden will still bargain with Tehran on the terms of returning to the deal and terms of providing some partial sanctions relief. The issue of sanctions will not only run into new terms that the Biden administration can offer the ...
... Sanctions Act (
PL 115-44 CAATSA)
, although he could have introduced them without Congressional approval.
The problem is that no other party to the JCPOA has recognised the cancellation of the agreement. There are legal grounds for this.
Ivan Timofeev:
US Sanctions Against Iran: New Escalation
In 2018, President Donald Trump decided to withdraw from the JCPOA. This move was confirmed by the President’s
National Security Memorandum of May 8, 2018
, as well as by Executive Order 13846 of August 6, 2018, which renewed unilateral US sanctions against Iran. Yes, the United States is a permanent member ...
... and report on it. Trump, who came to power in 2016, was an ardent opponent of the JCPOA, and used the INARA to torpedo the fulfilment of obligations under the JCPOA by the United States. On May 8, 2018,
he announced the nation’s withdrawal from the JCPOA and the resumption of the sanctions regime
. Iran was given new prerequisites for lifting the sanctions: the same “12 points”. In other words, the Americans unilaterally violated their terms of the JCPOA and radically increased their demands on Iran.
This step created a serious problem for those ...
... European powers will prove themselves to be helpful. On the one hand, EU members are concerned about Iran's regional activities and Iran's nuclear and missile programs, and on the other, Brussels appears to be dissatisfied with Trump's unilateral policies. Iran's previous experience in negotiations with European powers to save JCPOA, lift sanctions, and the INSTEX suggests for them to be on the US's side eventually. The only thing that can bring Europe closer to Iran is the fear of JCPOA's death, but it seems that even this critical issue will not change Europe's behavior. Thus the answer ...
... Mechanism in the Middle East Is Needed More Than Ever
Washington’s desire to “update” the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), through a policy of “maximum pressure” against Iran, failed to capture explicit support even from the American allies. The EU trio “E3” (the UK, France, Germany) remained politically committed to the “Nuclear Deal”. Nevertheless, in obedience to US sanctions, E3 showed their inability to oppose the United States or lobby for a solution which would satisfy Brussels. With the ...
... companies. In addition to penalties, the Department of the Treasury may greatly reduce an opportunity for these banks to have correspondent or payable-through accounts in the United States or prohibit them altogether.
Ivan Timofeev:
US Withdrawal From the JCPOA and Anti-Iranian Sanctions: Pros and Cons
These restrictions are piling up on major sanctions resumed by Washington after its withdrawal from the JCPOA. They are regulated by
Executive Order 13846 dated August 6, 2018
. These sanctions target the oil, car manufacturing,...
