The Three Phases of Jihadism
... to Al Qaeda which was pre-millenarian. By the same token, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi independently developed a form of jihad that was ... ... Iraq which eventually became the Caliphate. The third phase of Jihadism did not take place on the stage of satellite television,... ... foreign boots on the ground: the 2015 JCPOA agreement allowed Russia to increase presence in Syria and send forces to Khmeimim,... ... Andrey Kortunov, Malcolm Chalmers: Upholding Stability in the Middle East: An Opportunity for Russia–Europe Cooperation? Dr....
08.05.2019