Russia and Turkey: Approaches to Regional Security in the Middle East

... transparency under the supervision of the International Atomic Energy Agency.” [ 24 ] The JCPOA, which came into force in January 2016, had been expected to ease global political... ... reducing tensions with its neighbors. Ankara began this process by restoring ties with Israel (the associated talks took several years), and then went on to make better... ... Russia as a participant.” [ 44 ] Both Turkey and Russia cooperate within a number of international security organizations, including the Organization for Security and...