The Three Phases of Jihadism
... forces to Khmeimim, and Western presence increased in the campaign to terminate ISIS. How to prevent the next phase Today, ISIS is gone. They have lost all of their territorial strongholds, and the ability to call themselves an “Islamic State.” According to Dr. Kepel, this is the end of Phase Three, the “aufhebung” phase. They have lost their territory,... ... know how they are still adamant that they have to do something. Andrey Kortunov, Malcolm Chalmers: Upholding Stability in the Middle East: An Opportunity for Russia–Europe Cooperation? Dr. Kepel believes there is an opportunity for us to work on the reconstruction of the region in ...