... completely dismantled. Azerbaijan became the second state after Russia to integrate the secessionist territory, although the mode of how Karabakh and Chechnya got incorporated significantly
differ
.
The change in the status quo also contributed to Iran’s notable invigoration. Two Eurasian giants, China and India, have also adopted a higher profile in the Caucasus. With the start of Russia’s military operation in Ukraine in February 2022, the U.S., the EU (and France in particular) along with NATO shifted from “competitive cooperation” with ...
... of the parties will be able to achieve the political goals for which a huge price has already been paid, both in human lives and in terms of enormous damage to the economy. The contours of the balance for global and regional players—the EU, the US, China, Japan, Iran and others are more clearly visible.
The European Union bears the most serious losses and costs. They are associated with the rupture of numerous trade and economic ties with Russia. The main challenge is the replacement of Russian oil, gas, metals and a number of other commodities on the European ...
... business. The change of administration in the United States has resulted in adjustments to the policy of sanctions against Russia, China and Iran. The EU’s toolkit of restrictive measures has been gradually developing, although there have been no significant breakthroughs.... ... officials, although it did not go for stricter restrictions on financial institutions.
Sanctions against China were imposed by the European Union and other US allies. Brussels has done so using its
new legal mechanism on human rights
. Beijing delivered an ...
... and effectiveness. The future of US hegemony in this area will depend on the policies of other major players, such as the EU, China and Russia.
European Union: Sanctions as an Alternative to Diplomacy and Weapons
Sanctions Against Russia: A Look Into 2020. RIAC Report
... ... In a number of areas, the US and EU regimes overlap. However, they differ when it comes to other aspects. Sanctions against Iran are a case in point. In 2018, the United States unilaterally withdrew from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, or the ...
... many US allies in the region – from Saudi Arabia to Israel – urging the White House to take more steps to stop the growing Iranian presence in the Middle East? Was it a flood of advice from self-proclaimed experts on Iran in Washington, who argued that ... ... regional crisis management mechanism involving Iran and key neighboring Arab starts. Concerned overseas powers – like Russia, China, India, and EU – could assist in building this mechanism working with their respective regional partners. We should regard ...
... appears to be unlikely for now, it cannot be ruled out for the future. In any case, China seems unlikely to offer a viable alternative to the US as the dominant power in... ... alternative system of settlements so as to shield themselves from US sanctions. The European Union has the greatest potential in this regard: it has a developed economy... ... entities and have to pay the highest penalties.
With the withdrawal of the US from the Iranian nuclear deal, the EU faces the urgent question of whether to take any protective...
Russia can do quite a lot at the political level, but it cannot replace Europe as a potential driver of Iran’s economic and social development
On May 8, 2019, Iran sent a message to Germany, Britain, China and Russia that it was suspending the fulfilment of certain obligations under the “Iranian nuclear deal” – the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, or JCPOA. In particular, Tehran refuses to comply with restrictions that were placed on the ...
... Forces, for example, among other options, in the Baltic region?
What would happen if the European Union developed more autonomous defense structures and peacekeeping forces... ... treaties be updated or expanded to include other states, such as the European states and China?
Washington is also in the process of modernizing its tactical nuclear weapons... ....
How might the 2013 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) nuclear accord with Iran impact U.S. Missile Defense deployments in Europe — particularly given the fact...
