Revisiting the R5 Paradigm

... Club advanced the R5 initiative that was meant to bolster financial settlements and transactions in the national currencies of BRICS members. An extension of this initiative was the R5+ concept that involved the extension of the use of national currencies ... ... across the Global South. In particular there is the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) led by China and the ASEAN economies. In Africa the key integration initiative is the African Continental Free Trade Area launched in 2018. Another ...