... Summits for Democracy hosted by the Biden Administration in late 2021 and in the spring of 2023, raising questions about why these “disqualified” nations should stand by the principles of the club that they have not been admitted to. [
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Russia and Syria
Russia’s approach to Syria has not undergone any radical changes over the past year. In view of the costly military operation in Ukraine, the Kremlin has to save money wherever it can; this is likely to affect Russia’s non-military assistance to Bashar ...
The goal of the round table was to discuss the dynamics of quadrilateral cooperation in the context of regional trends in the Middle East. The meeting was attended by leading experts from Russia, Iran, Turkey and Syria
On October 18, 2023, a closed round table “Cooperation between Russia, Iran, Turkey and Syria in the Context of Regional Dynamics” was held. Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC) in cooperation with Institute for Iran & Eurasia studies ...
... high-ranking officials from these countries have paid official visits to Russia in June 2023, including UAE’s President and Qatar’s Prime Minister. As for the UAE, it is worth noting that the country became the greatest reseller of Russian gold in 2022. Russia’s gold exports to the Emirates in 2022 totaled 75.7 tons or $4.3 billion.
Another important factor shaping the Middle East’s approach to international relations is Turkey’s foreign policy. Particularly important, is Turkey’s position on Syria prior to the presidential elections in May 2023, and the new aspects it has now acquired following the victory of incumbent President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Judging by the leadership’s recent steps, Turkey wants to maintain continuity with its ...
... and non-interference of world powers (not only Russia, but also the United States, and China), as well as regional players.
Ivan Bocharov:
In the Grips of the Army: The Egyptian Economy
From the Israeli-Palestinian conflict to the situation in Libya, Russia and Egypt share similar positions on many issues on the region’s agenda. It is also important that Egypt favors restoring Syria's sovereignty over all its territories, although Cairo has not restored diplomatic relations with Damascus yet.
Cooperation between Russia and Egypt in the energy sector deserves special attention. In 2015, Gazprom and Egyptian company EGAS signed ...
... Russia, the Turks have been actively building up their presence in almost all sectors. The country understands that Russia’s position largely determines the level of its presence in a number of regions, including Central Asia, the Caucasus, the Middle East, the Black Sea region, etc. Russia and Turkey interact effectively within the framework of international formats to negotiate settlements in Syria, Libya, Karabakh.
Turkey is seeking to play a mediating role in the Ukrainian crisis. Ankara sees this as an opportunity to strengthen its position in the international arena. As an initiator and mediator in implementing ...
... Assad’s visit to Moscow did not yield breakthrough agreements, it took place at a very opportune time, having confirmed the importance of the Syrian dossier for Russia and for the region, contrary to the many claims that Moscow is slackening its focus on Syria. Russia is still fostering economic cooperation with Damascus, while continuing its mediation towards internal reconciliation between the feuding groups in Syria and normalization of Damascus’ relationships with the neighboring Arab nations. Moscow goes ...
... high technology and education, developing and strengthening the sovereignty and independence of the countries of the Middle East and creating alternative platforms of negotiations in the region. It is also worth boosting interaction between China and Russia to achieve a diplomatic and political solution to the Syrian conflict and develop a post-war reconstruction plan for the country.
Ivan Bocharov, RIAC Program Coordinator, and Jin Liangxiang, Senior Research Fellow at the Center for West Asian and African Studies of SIIS, moderated the round table.
From ...
... because of the risk of Western sanctions. However, now that many of the concerned organizations have fallen under the same sanctions themselves, the importance of this factor has diminished and Russia can expand its presence in Syria. This would allow Syria, a key ally of Russia in the Middle East, to manage its difficulties better.
Ivan Bocharov:
Syria: Humanitarian Crisis and Disaster
The war in Syria has shown that a military solution to the conflict is doomed to fail, and establishing political peace seems almost the ...
... independence in 2017. In this sense, Russia will have to work patiently with the Syrian leadership as well, which so far has tended to equate any autonomous status with separatism.
Third.
The Biden administration’s response to the triple-format talks between Syria, Turkey, and Russia was quite revealing. In this particular situation, the U.S. has openly shown itself to be a “spoiler” of multilateral efforts to unblock a Syrian settlement. The State Department’s spokesman made it
clear
that the U.S. does not support the ...
... President of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan is trying to solve the problem posed by Syrian Kurds by combining force with the possibility of normalizing relations with Syria. Back in December of last year, he proposed to hold a meeting between the presidents of Russia, Turkey, and Syria. According to Erdogan, this meeting should be after negotiations take place between head Defense Ministers, head Foreign Affairs Ministers, as well as heads of intelligence services of the three countries.
Ivan Bocharov:
Syria: A Chess Game
By ...
