RIAC Working Paper No.84 / 2023
RIAC Working Paper No.84 / 2023
As the world order is undergoing a major transformation, key players in the international arena are reconsidering their foreign policy tools. Connectivity emerges as a new instrument of geopolitical competition, creating not only networks of railroads, digital and energy infrastructure, but also lasting recipient dependencies of respective investments from donors. The following working paper is looking at the European Union as a connectivity...
... of the CITIC Foundation for Reform and Development Studies, and Andrey Kortunov, RIAC Academic Director, delivered opening remarks.
During the roundtable, leading Russian and Chinese experts discussed the development of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in the context of world order transformation and its role in modernizing global economy. The experts summarized the ten-year evolution of the initiative and compared the BRI with alternative projects of other actors. Special attention was paid to ...
... also the most dynamic and economically potent continent of our planet. The Belt and Road Forum, which attracted dozens of leaders from all the corners of our shared continent, was a perfect location to compare notes on the future destiny of Eurasia.
BRI, SCO, ASEAN, RCEP, CPTPP, CSTO, EAEU, CICA and may other multilateral Eurasian projects can be looked at as sprouts of the new international system germinating through the debris of the old one. These sprouts have to be properly watered, fertilized,...
An important task for the future for Russia is to sync the EAEU and the BRI, developing a roadmap and pointing to projects that could demonstrate its concrete content
In the 10 years since Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21
st
Century Maritime Silk Road in 2013, which are the two ...
... we have in the world economy today.
How does this approach differ from the Western approach to global development? Western countries also build infrastructure, a lot of different facilities in other countries. What is the main difference between the BRI and the standard Western approach?
Well, as for the Western approach, one must look at it in two ways. One is historically; there have been times when Western industrialization was and has been quite effective, at least internally in terms of US commitment ...
..., Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina visited Beijing and reiterated her intention to deepen the partnership in trade, investment, defense and infrastructure.
As of 2022, more than
500 Chinese companies
were active in Bangladesh building roads, bridges, tunnels, power plants, and modernizing seaports. As reported by
Chinese Ambassador
to Bangladesh Li Jiming, the amount of Chinese investment in the country’s economy in 2021 tripled as compared to 2020, reaching USD 1.26 billion. This became ...
... at the pan-European level. In 2015, the Medium-Term Agenda for Cooperation was adopted as a framework document for cooperation. Multilateral documents were supplemented by a system of bilateral Memorandums of Understanding on cooperation within the BRI. This well-structured dialogue, as well as the objective practical interest of the CEE countries in attracting the foreign investment, on which their economic growth historically depended, [
1
] primarily affected the infrastructure, transport and ...
... relationship being in a state of stagnation starting from 2016 till now. The following questions should be raised: Which steps must Armenia implement to strengthen its relations with China? How can Armenia be involved in China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)?
Andrey Kortunov:
The Liberal Project and Its Relevance for Armenia
Actually, Armenia is the only country among its four neighbors which could not involve any vast Chinese investments in its economy. It is worth mentioning that Turkey and Iran got ...
... spontaneous adoption of Confucianism considering China’s economic prominence in the region.
Beijing adopts a similar attitude; and while countries, such as Kazakhstan, are a necessary route for the transit of Chinese products to the European Union and Great Britain, China sees the Central Asian countries as antagonists due to their religion and to historical factors, as the former nomadic conquerors (e.g. Genghis Khan) still leave a negative resonance in the Chinese mind. In addition, there are territorial ...
The imperative of consolidating and growing BRI in the Middle East is ultimately sufficient for China to accept a regional status quo established via aggressive means, such as what Israel presently aims for, so long as it is stable and sustainable
This author published an
analysis
in
The Tehran ...